CHRISTIANITY'S GREAT DILEMMA
Is Jesus Coming Again Or Is He Not?
By Glenn L. Hill
As Reviewed By Biblestudymanuals.net In Blue & Purple Font
[Excerpts From Glenn Hill's Book in black font -
Responses in blue & purple font from biblestudymanuals.net]
Further Commentary in blue font:
THE 'COMINGS' OF CHRIST IN REVELATION 2–3
Robert L. Thomas
Professor of New Testament
www.galaxie.com
I) [Mt 24]
From chapter II of Glenn Hill's book entitled "IN THE GOSPELS WHEN DID JESUS SAY HE WAS COMING?]
[Excerpt from Glenn Hill's book, p. 19]:
[Glenn Hill]
"Jesus'
answers to the apostles' questions are what Matthew 24 is all about. If
we can see this basic fact, then we can understand this chapter.
Matthew 24 is all about the Judgment Jesus had pronounced upon His
people. From history we know the Roman armies completely destroyed
Judea, Jerusalem, and the temple by AD 70. Matthew 24 is about the
things that would be happening in the coming years from the time Jesus
made these prophecies in AD 30 until the end came in AD 70. This
will become clearer as we continue our study."
MATTHEW
CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR
From biblestudymanuals.net/mt24.htm
INTRODUCTION
When will the massive temple
buildings in Jerusalem be utterly destroyed? What signs will be evident
when He is coming?
What signs will mark the end
of this present world system?
Chapter 24, and for that
matter chapter 25, contain our Lord's answer to His disciples' three
questions about His appearing as the Messiah King to establish His
millennial kingdom on the earth and the events surrounding this appearing.
When read and taken in the
light of all of the passages related to the doctrines spoken of in our
Lord's answer, we then have as clear a picture as possible today of the
events leading up to our Lord's return and of the destruction of the
temple. Author John MacArthur aptly describes the Jewish mindset at the
time that the disciples asked our Lord their questions:
[The MacArthur New Testament
Commentary, Matthew 24-28; Moody Press; Chicago; 1989; pp.7-8]:
"In the minds of the
Jews of Jesus' day, the time was ripe for the Messiah's coming. They had
suffered persecution and subjugation for many centuries and were at that
time under the relentless power of Rome. When John the Baptist appeared on
the scene, reminiscent of the preaching and lifestyle of Elijah, the
people's interest was intensely piqued. And when Jesus began His ministry
of preaching, with unheard of authority and of healing every sort of
disease, many Jews were convinced that He was indeed the Messiah. When He
rode into Jerusalem on the colt, the crowds were beside themselves with
anticipation, and they openly hailed Him as the Messiah, the long awaited
Son of David (Matt. 21:9).
At that point, however,
Jesus' ministry rapidly and radically departed from their expectations.
According to their thinking, the next steps would be the gathering of the
nations against the Messiah and His dramatic and effortless victory over
them.
That idea apparently was
also still in the minds of the Twelve. Jesus' many predictions that He
must suffer, die, and be resurrected had simply not registered with them.
In some way or another they either had discounted those teachings or had
rationalized and spiritualized them into being something other than
literal, physical, and historical realities...........................
In fairness to the
disciples, the Old Testament prophets also saw the Messiah's coming and
establishing His kingdom as a single event. The church age was a mystery
to them, a mystery, as Paul explained, 'which has been kept secret for
long ages past, but now is manifested' (Rom. 16:25-26). Because Israel had
obviously experienced tremendous tribulation, because Jesus declared
Himself to be the Messiah and identified John the Baptist as His
forerunner, and because He had accepted the Messianic acclaim of the
people a few days earlier, the disciples understandably thought that the
sequence of events would continue as they expected. They were now certain
that Jesus' next move would be to demonstrate His inexorable power over
the nations that would soon rise up against Him."
Further answer to this excerpt from Glenn Hill's book requires a careful
detailed reading of Matthew 24 as follows, click on this button.
Note
that this study will answer nearly all of the points made by Glenn Hill
relative to a careful reading of Matthew chapter 24. Hill has totally
missed the mark on Jesus' Coming again. It did not happen in AD 70!!!
None of the events portrayed in Mt 24 have occurred yet especially on
the scale and worldwide location as stipulated throughout Mt 24
and corroborating passages in Daniel, Revelation and many other
passages throughout Scripture.
Furthermore, Christ's
Second Coming was to judge the world and then begin His everlasting
rule of the world beginning with the fulfillment of the New Covenant
with Israel to transform every Jew into a kingdom of priests who will
have no sin, know the Bible perfectly and corule with Jesus Christ over
the Gentile Nations - the whole world .
Christ's rule will be from the throne of David in Jerusalem in the
temple. In AD 70 Jerusalem and the Temple were destroyed. This could
not have happened at that time.
II) [Rev 6:15-17]:
Nevertheless
let's move on to another excerpt on page 23 of Glenn Hill's book to
confirm what biblestudymanuals.net. has presented so far as an accurate
rebuttal:
[Glenn Hill]
"In
Revelation 6:15-17, John even used Jesus' own words in describing this
same time and the desperate feeling among the people: 'And said to the
mountains and rocks, Fall on us and hide us from the face of Him that
sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb.' All these
references were about the coming Judgment of God on the Jewish people.
It was coming soon, in the lifetime of those women who were weeping for
Jesus! ...
For those who did
believe, who did follow Jesus, Paul said they would be saved 'from the
wrath to come' (1 Thess 1:10). Their deliverance from the calamities
coming upon Judah certainly would begin with their obeying Jesus'
command to hastily 'flee into the mountains' when they saw 'armies'
begin to surround Jerusalem."
[Shouldn't we go back a little in Rev chapter 6 to figure out the context before we get to Rev 6:15-16?
Here's an excerpt
from the study on Matthew chapter 24 which has Rev chapter 6 in view
with corroborating context from other passages in both Old and New
Testaments which clearly indicate that none of these things has
occurred yet - not even in AD 70:
******* EXCERPT MT 24 STUDY INCL REV 6 ******
[Mt 24:4-5]:
"Jesus answered: 'Watch
out that no one deceives you. For many will come in My name, claiming 'I
am the Christ,' and will deceive many."
And the ultimate deceiver,
the Antichrist who will deceive many.
[Rev 6:1-2]:
"I [John the Apostle]
watched as the Lamb [Jesus Christ] opened the first of the seven seals.
Then I heard one of the four living creatures say in a voice like thunder,
'Come!' I looked, and there before me was a white horse! Its rider [the
Antichrist] held a bow, and he was given a crown, and he rode out as a
conqueror bent on conquest."
Scoffield, (Oxford NIV
Scoffield Study Bible, 1967, Oxford University Press, p.1320, footnote
#1):
"The rider on the white
horse is not Christ. Those who identify this rider with Him consider the
passage a prophecy of conquest by the Gospel. But no crown was given to
the Lord as the proclamation of the Gospel began, and the terrible world
events which accompany the other three riders (vv. 3-8) do not imply an
earlier conquest by Christ."
[Compare Dan 9:26b-27]:
"The people of the
ruler [the Antichrist] who will come will destroy the city [of Jerusalem]
and the sanctuary. The end will come like a flood: War will continue until
the end, and desolations have been decreed. He [the Antichrist] will
confirm a covenant with many for one 'seven' [with Israel for 7 years]. In
the middle of the 'seven' he will put an end to sacrifice and offering.
[Thus breaking his covenant with his evil treachery] And on a wing [of the
temple] he will set up an abomination that causes desolation, until the
end that is decreed is poured out on him."
Our Lord commands, as
reported in Mt 24:4-5, that one who is living in the end times of the
tribulation should be on his guard that he not be misled by any of the
numerous false Christs who will appear on the scene - numbers like never
before. Many will indeed be deceived:
[Mt 24:23-24]:
"At that time......
["At that time"
refers back to Mt 24:21 which pictures a period of "tribulation
unequaled from the beginning of the world"]
.......At that time if
anyone says to you, 'Look, here is the Christ!' or, 'There he is!' do not
believe it. For false Christs and false prophets will appear and perform
great signs and miracles to deceive even the elect - if that were
possible."
Jesus is warning all men
living at that time - during the tribulation - about this "birth
pain" which signifies that the age of the Gentiles is in its final
days. This does not include a direct warning to people living in other
ages. Believers of the church age for example will either have died or
been raptured before the tribulation begins, (1 Thes 4:13-18).
With the number of deceivers
in the tribulation so much the greater than in any other age - with that
number will grow the number of vulnerable people who being subject to such
staggering catastrophes on the earth they will desperately seek anyone
with answers - right or wrong - ultimately they will be subject to the
Antichrist. Believers of the church age through whom God the Holy Spirit
worked as a restraining influence will have been gone in the Rapture, (2
Thes 2:7 & 4:13-18).
Evil will now have its
uninhibited day.
[Mt
24:6-7a]:
(v. 6) " 'You will hear
of wars and rumors of wars, but see to it that you are not alarmed. Such
things must happen, but the end is still to come.'
["mellesete" rendered "You will hear" verb 2pl indic fut active of wars and rumors of wars]
(v.7a) Nation will rise
against nation, and kingdom against kingdom..
[Rev 6:3-4]:
"When the Lamb opened
the second seal, I heard the second living creature say, 'Come!' Then another horse came out,
a fiery red one. Its rider was given power to take peace from the earth
and to make men slay each other. To him was given a large sword."
There will be such a degree
of hot wars, economic and political wars and just plain rumors of
conflicts everywhere that this is why Scripture reflects this
condition of this "birth pain" in a form of the future tense of
the Greek verb 'mello' which carries the idea of future, relentless,
incessant, hearing of and occurrences.
["mellesete" rendered "You will hear" verb 2pl indic fut active of wars and rumors of wars]
MacArthur, (op cit., p. 18):
"Following the analogy
of labor pains, the implication is that the conflicts will increase both
in number and intensity as the return of Christ approaches, until they
explode into a grand holocaust of bloodshed and carnage."
No one who lives on the
earth during the tribulation period will escape the consequences of wars
and rumors of wars. All nations and all kingdoms will be involved.
[Compare Dan 11:36-45]:
(v. 36) " 'The
king....... [of the Roman empire, the 10 as yet future European nations,
(cp Dan 7:24). At this point in Daniel's prophecy he leaps ahead in time
from Antiochus Epiphanes whose career was described in vv.21-35, overleaps
the church age to the end times and begins describing the future Roman
empire of 10 European nations and the one who only could be the
Antichrist]
(v. 36 cont) " 'The
king will do as he pleases. He will exalt and magnify himself above every
god and will say unheard of things against the God of gods. He will be
successful until the time of wrath is completed, for what has been
determined must take place.
(v. 37) He will show no
regard for the gods of his fathers....
[This ruler will be the
final ruler of the last Gentile empire - the final Roman Empire and will
be a Gentile himself. Compare: "the little horn" in Dan 7:8,
24b. He has no allegiance to any of the religions of his fathers - to any
of their gods.]
(v. 37 cont) He will show no
regard for the gods of his fathers, or for the one desired by women.....
["He will show no
regard......for the One desired by women" - no regard for the
Messiah. The Antichrist repudiates the messianic hopes of Israel in order
to place himself as god over them. It was the traditional hope of every
woman that she would give birth to the Messiah as prophesied in O.T.
Scripture]
............... nor will he
regard any god, but will exalt himself above them all.
(v. 38) Instead of them, he
will honor a god of fortresses [war]; a god unknown to his fathers [Satan]
he will honor with gold and silver, with precious stones and costly gifts.
(v. 39) He will attack the
mightiest fortresses with the help of a foreign god and will greatly honor
those who acknowledge him. He will make them rulers over many people and
will distribute the land at a price,
(v. 40) At the time of
the end the king of the South [Egypt with Libyians and Nubians, v. 43]
will engage him in battle, and the king of the North [Russia + allies, Ez
38 & 39] will storm out against him with chariots and calvary and a
great fleet of ships. He will invade many countries and sweep through them
like a flood.
(v. 41) He will also invade
the Beautiful Land. [Israel]. Many countries will fall, but Edom, Moab and
the leaders of Amon [Jordan] will be delivered from his hand.
(v. 42) He will extend his
power over many countries; Egypt will not escape.
(v. 43) He will gain control
of the treasures of gold and silver and all the riches of Egypt, with the
Libyans and Nubians in submission.
(v. 44) But reports from the
East and the North will alarm him,
[a great army from the East,
200 million strong, (China already has an army that large), moving to
battle the Antichrist and another from the North, (Russia again), coming
to do battle in the valley of Armageddon, Rev 9:16]
(v. 44 cont) and he will set
out in a great rage to destroy and annihilate many.
(v. 45) He will pitch his
royal tents between the seas
[he will now set up in
Israel between the Mediterranean & Dead Seas]
(v. 45 cont) "He will
pitch his royal tents between the seas at the beautiful holy mountain
[Jerusalem]. Yet he will come to his end, and no one will help him."
[Mt 24:6-7a cont.]:
(v. 6) " 'You will hear
of wars and rumors of wars, but see to it that you are not alarmed. Such
things must happen, but the end is still to come.'
(v.7a) Nation will rise
against nation, and kingdom against kingdom..
MacArthur writes, (op.
cit.., p.20-21):
"Consistent with
Daniel's description, Zechariah prophesied that the Lord "will gather
all the nations against Jerusalem to battle, and the city will be
captured, the houses plundered, the women ravished, and half of the city
exiled, but the rest of the people will not be cut off from the city. Then
the Lord will go forth and fight against those nations, as when He fights
on a day of battle." (Zech. 14:2-3)........
But before the Lord comes to
acomplish that final conquest, the Antichrist and the forces of the north,
south, and east will engage in ruthless combat and succeed in slaughtering
a third of the world's population. In the face of that unparalleled
carnage man's last vestige of hope will vanish and stark terror will rule
the day. Only believers who hold fast to the Lord will have the
divinely-given strength and courage to avoid being petrified with fear."
[Mt 24:7b-8]:
"There will be famines
and earthquakes in various places. All these are the beginning of birth
pains."
[Rev 6:5-6; 12-14]:
[Famines - Rev 6:5-6]:
"When the Lamb opened
the third seal, I heard the third living creature say, 'Come!' I looked,
and there before me was a black horse! Its rider was holding a pair of
scales in his hand. Then I heard what sounded like a voice among the four
living creatures, saying, 'A quart of wheat for a day's wages, and three
quarts of barley for a day's wages, and do not damage the oil and wine!' "
[Earthquakes - Rev 6:12-14]:
"I watched as He opened
the sixth seal. There was a great earthquake. The sun turned black like
sackcloth made of goat hair, the whole moon turned blood red, and the
stars in the sky fell to earth, as late figs drop from a fig tree when
shaken by a strong wind. The sky receded like a scroll, rolling up, and
every mountain and island was removed from its place."
Famines and earthquakes have
occurred throughout history but not to the great extent as those which are
the birth pains of the end times: "A quart of wheat for a day's
wages........every mountain and island was removed from its place." -
as indicated in the parallel passages in Revelation. And consider this
earthquake which will occur just before our Lord's second coming:
[Rev 16:18-20]:
(v. 18) "Then there
came flashes of lightening, rumblings, peals of thunder and a severe
earthquake. No earthquake like it has ever occurred since man has been
on earth, so tremendous was the quake.
(v. 19) The great city split
into three parts, and the cities of the nations collapsed. God remembered
Babylon the Great and gave her the cup filled with the wine of the fury of
His wrath.
(v. 20) Every island fled
away and the mountains could not be found.
(v. 21) From the sky huge
hailstones of about a hundred pounds each fell upon men. And they cursed
God on account of the plague of hail, because the plague was so terrible."
Note the accompanying signs
in Rev 6:12-14, previously quoted, which occur at this future time - they
have definitely not occurred in history yet and are therefore yet future:
(Rev 6:12b) "The sun
turned black like sackcloth made of goat hair, the whole moon turned blood
red,
(Rev 6:13) and the stars in
the sky fell to earth, as late figs drop from a fig tree when shaken by a
strong wind.
(Rev 6:14) The sky receded
like a scroll, rolling up, and every mountain and island was removed from
its place."
[Mt 24:9-12]:
" 'Then you will be
handed over to be persecuted and put to death, and you will be hated by
all nations because of Me."
At that time many will turn
away from the faith and will betray and hate each other, and many false
prophets will appear and deceive many people. Because of the increase of
wickedness, the love of most will grow cold,
[Rev 6:9-11]:
"When He opened the
fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been slain
because of the Word of God and the testimony they had maintained. They
called out in a loud voice, 'How long, Sovereign Lord, holy and true,
until you judge the inhabitants of the earth and avenge our blood?' Then
each of them was given a white robe, and they were told to wait a little
longer, until the number of their fellow servants and brothers who were to
be killed as they had been was completed."
The context implies a
widespread - worldwide handing over: "you will be hated by all
nations". The "you" does not apply to the disciples to whom
our Lord was speaking nor to church age believers who are ALL raptured out
of the world (1 Thes 4:13-18; 5:9) before the tribulation of God's wrath
begins with the opening of the first seal and our Lord's release of the
rider on the white horse (Rev 6:1-2). Our Lord is speaking prophetically
to all people who become believers during the end times - ESPECIALLY
JEWISH BELIEVERS. That period of time about which our Lord was prophesying
is the 7 year tribulation period and no other age because the entire
scenario that Jesus Christ is painting in His prophecy fits no other age.
The Greek word "paradidomi"
in verse 9 which is translated "will be handed over" is used as
a technical term for being arrested by those in authority, (cp Mt 4:12 -
same word). How widespread the persecution will be to have public
authorities directly involved in the arrest of tribulation believers! The
persecution of believers will never be so widespread or so pervasive as in
the tribulation time. The temporary or localized persecutions of the past
- even in ancient Rome - do not qualify under this description of
persistent, worldwide, pervasive, persecution of Jew and Gentile alike.
These persecutions will originate largely from the Antichrist who breaks
his covenant with Israel and reverses his role as protector of the Jew to
persecutor!
Mark provides more details:
[Mk 13:9]:
"You must be on your
guard. You will be handed over to the local councils and flogged in the
synagogues. On account of Me you will stand before governors and kings as
witnesses to them."
And from the Old Testament,
Daniel prophesies about the same period in which these persecutions will
occur relative to the actions of the Antichrist:
[Dan 7:25]:
"He [the Antichrist]
will speak against the Most High [God] and oppress His saints and try to
change the set times and the laws. [i.e., institute his own system of
absolute rulership] THE SAINTS WILL BE HANDED OVER TO HIM FOR A TIME,
TIMES AND HALF A TIME"
["TIME" = 1yr + "TIMES"
= 2yrs + "HALF A TIME" = year = 3 1/2 years total]
[Compare Dan 9:24-27,
(again)]:
(v. 24) "Seventy
'sevens'.........................
[70 x 7 - 490 years. Daniel
would be thinking in terms of years because a number of other Scripture
passages indicate that 70 years was a period of time in which God dealt
with the nation Israel, (Cp Jer 25:11-12; 2 Chron 36:21). The Israel
people thought in terms of sevens, ("heptads"):
one week - seven days
every 7th yr-sabbath rest
year(Lev25:1-7)
the Year of Jubilee - the
next yr after seven 'sevens' or 7x7 - 49 years(Lev 25:8-12)
Therefore "Seventy
'sevens' " must mean seventy sevens of years or 70 x 7 - 490 years. "Seventy
sevens" could not mean days or weeks, that would be too short of a
time for all of the events in the prophecy to happen. And history proves
this out since 490 days and 490 weeks have already transpired without the
fulfillment of the prophecy occurring. If days were meant rather than
years then the words in Hebrew which are translated in English as "of
days" would have also been added as it was in Dan 10:2-3.
It must mean sevens of years
also because Israel had not been letting the land lie fallow every seventh
year as commanded by God, (Lev 25:1-7). This made a total of 70 sabbatical
years which were not honored by this time in Israel's history. It would
now require 490 years of time for God to enforce this command as per His
Word, (Lev 26:34-35), and provide for the land being left fallow every 7th
year, (70 sabbatical years missed x 7 - 490 years)
Finally, the most basic of
proofs that "seventy 'sevens' " refers to years is to test it
out by calculating it by years and then examining what happened in the
future to see if the prophecies were precisely fulfilled. The following
verses do just that when the timespan of years is calculated in:
(v. 24 cont.) "Seventy
'sevens' are decreed for your people and your holy city to finish
transgression, to put an end to sin, to atone for wickedness, to bring in
everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy and to anoint
the most holy."
[So God has decreed that
there will be a period of 490 years of Jewish history until there will be:
1) a "finish" to "transgression"
- a finish to Israel's willful disobedience will be brought to an end.
2) "an end of sin"
- the Hebrew word hatam" = "an end of" = completion of in
the sense of ending. The context of this passage in Daniel combined with
the examination of other passages which are about the same doctrine, (see
*** below), indicate that the phrase "an end of sin" means a
sealing up of - a final ending of the problem of unpunished sin with the
satisfactory amount of punishment.
(***The concept of sealing
up of sin is clearly taught in Dt 32:34 & Job 14:17).
3) atonement "for
wickedness" = payment for sins - this specifically refers to our
Lord's once for all time atonement for the sins of the whole world, (Ro
3:21; I Jn 2:2; Hebrews chapter 9).
4) a bringing in of "everlasting
righteousness"
"to bring in" - in
the verb form in this passage "to bring in" = to cause to come
in. This refers to the causing to come in by God of a period of
everlasting righteousness. This can only refer to that period of time in
history beginning with the millennium. There is no other period in history
which has everlasting righteousness.
5) a sealing up - a
fulfilling, finally, of all "visions and prophecy" in Scripture.
All visions and prophecies in Scripture will be sealed, i.e. fulfilled and
completed and thereby sealed up as completed, no longer applicable for
fulfillment.
6) An anointing of - the
enthronement of "the Most Holy", the Messiah, the Lord Jesus
Christ as King of kings and Lord of Lords. This will occur beginning at
the period of the millennium.
******* END EXCERPT FROM MT 24 STUDY INCL REV 6 ******
So here below is author Hills commentary on Rev 6:16-17:
[Glenn Hill]
"In
Revelation 6:15-17, John even used Jesus' own words in describing this
same time and the desparate feeling among the people: 'And said to the
mountains and rocks, Fall on us and hide us from the face of Him that
sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb.' All these
references were about the coming Judgment of God on the Jewish people.
It was coming soon, in the lifetime of those women who were weeping for
Jesus! ...
For those who did
believe, who did follow Jesus, Paul said they would be saved 'from the
wrath to come' (1 Thess 1:10). Their deliverance from the calamities
coming upon Judah certainly would begin with their obeying Jesus'
command to hastily 'flee into the mountains' when they saw 'armies'
begin to surround Jerusalem."
Revelation 6:15-17 (NASB)
15
Then the kings of the earth and the great men and the commanders
and the rich and the strong and every slave and free man hid themselves in the
caves and among the rocks of the mountains;
16
and they *said to the mountains and to the rocks, "Fall on us and
hide us from the presence of Him who sits on the throne, and from the wrath of
the Lamb;
17 for the great day of
their wrath has come, and who is able to stand?"
[So
in view of the context of Rev chapter 6, it is evident that this did
not occur in AD 70, nor at any time in history before or after to this
day in 2022.
Here's what the Bible Knowledge Commentary says on Rev 6:15-17:
6:15-17.
The practical effect of the judgment was fear in unbelievers from all
walks of life [and all nations, not just Israel]. They called on the mountains and the rocks to fall on
them and to hide them from God's wrath [not Titus]. Their fear was so great they
would rather be killed by a falling mountain than to face the wrath of
the Lamb and Their wrath,
referring to the anger of the Triune God. Again this is not a picture
of ordinary trouble but the period of greatest distress in world
history."
[which has heretofore never occurred - even in AD 70]
III) [Mt 16:28]:
(Mt
16:28 NASB) "Truly I say to you, there are some of those who are
standing here who will not taste death until they see the Son of Man
coming in His kingdom."
On page 36 of Glenn Hill's book we quote:
[Glenn Hill]
"We
now come to the next verse, Matthew 16:28, which is the last verse in
the chapter and is also the last verse in the conversation that began
in verse 21. Reread verse 28, above. Jesus continued to talk about His
coming so this verse is relevant to our study, as we seek to find what
Jesus said about "when" He was coming. In the previous verse (27) Jesus
gives the disciples some sense of when He was coming by saying it was
"about" (mello)
time for it to occur. In verse 28 He was more specific and put a kind
of limit or maximum, as to the most distant time His coming could be.
He drew a rather distinct boundary and said His coming would not be
delayed beyond this point in time. To His followers He said that some
of them standing and listening to Him would "not taste of death," that
is, would not die, before He came back. In other words, for some of
them He would come during their lifetime!"
Then on page 38 we read further
[Glenn Hill]:
We
could say, just on the authority of the Scriptures we have already
studied, that Jesus' return occurred somewere in the last half of the
first century, probably between AD 50 and AD 80! This is amazing!
Something else is amazing - the whole New Testament agrees and supports
this same time frame for Jesus' Second Coming!"
So let's see what Scripture says:
[Mt 16:28, cf. Lk 9:27-35; Mk 9:1-9]:
"I
[Jesus, (v. 24) tell you [the disciples, (v. 24)] the truth, some who
are standing here will not taste death before they see the Son of Man
coming in His kingdom."
"some
who are standing here will not taste death" = This phrase limits the
fulfillment of this prophecy to the disciples' physical lifetimes.
"before they see the Son of Man coming in His Kingdom" =
"coming"
= "erchomenon" = present participle which indicates that our Lord must
be seen in a present condition of coming in His Kingdom.
So
"some" of the disciples in their physical lifetimes, (Peter, James and
John), must see our Lord in His glory as He comes to bring in His
Kingdom. And this is precisely what happens at the transfiguration
account in Mt 17:1-9 quoted below which refers to Jesus as the Son of
Man and shows a picture of Him and how he will appear as He is coming
to bring in His Kingdom. This account immediately follows the prophecy
in Mt 16:28 in time and in Scripture:
[Mt 17:1-9]:
(v.
1) "After six days Jesus took with Him Peter, James and John the
brother of James, and led them up a high mountain by themselves.
(v.
2) There He was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun,
and his clothes became as white as the light.
(v. 3) Just then there appeared before them Moses and Elijah, talking with Jesus.
(v.
4) Peter said to Jesus, 'Lord, it is good for us to be here. If you
wish, I will put up three shelters - one for You, one for Moses and one
for Elijah.'
(v.
5) While he was still speaking, a bright cloud enveloped them, and a
voice from the cloud said, 'This is my Son, Whom I love; with Him I am
well pleased. Listen to Him!'
(v. 6) When the disciples heard this, they fell facedown to the ground, terrified.
(v. 7) But Jesus came and touched them. 'Get up,' He said. 'Don't be afraid.'
(v. 8) When they looked up, they saw no one except Jesus.
(v.
9) As they were coming down the mountain, Jesus instructed them, 'Don't
tell anyone what you have seen, until the Son of Man has been raised
from the dead.' "
[C.I.
Scofield states in footnote #2 in the Oxford NIV Scofield Study Bible,
NIV, C. I. Scofield, Editor, Oxford University Press, 1984, p.
998]:
"The
transfiguration scene contains, in miniature, all the elements of the
future kingdom in manifestation (2 Pet 1:15-21):
(1) the Lord Jesus, not in humiliation but in glory (v. 2);
(2)
Moses, in glory, representative of the redeemed who have passed through
death into the kingdom (Mt. 13:43; cp. Lk 9:30-31);
(3) Elijah, in glory, representative of the redeemed who have entered the kingdom
(4)
Peter, James, and John, not glorified, representatives, for the moment,
of Israel in the flesh in the future kingdom (Ezek 37:21-27);
(5)
the crowd at the foot of the mountain (v. 14), representative of those
who are to be brought into the kingdom after it is established over
Israel (Isa 11:10-12; etc.).
2 Peter 1:16-18 verifies the fulfillment of Mt 16:28 in the events portrayed in Mt 17:1-9:
[2 Peter 1:16-18]:
(v.
16) "We did not follow cleverly invented stories when we told you about
the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we were eyewitnesses
of His majesty.
(v.
17) For He received honor and glory from God the Father when the voice
came to Him from the Majestic Glory, saying, 'This is my Son, Whom I
love; with Him I am well pleased.'
(v. 18) We ourselves heard this voice that came from heaven when we were with Him on the sacred mountain."
IV) [Jn 21:17-23]:
On page 41 we have the following quotation from Glenn Hill's book:
[Glenn Hill]
For
our study we will assume this man was John. Paraphrasing, the Lord's
answer to Peter was something like this: "If I want John to live
till I come again, that is none of your business; you just follow
Me. The Lord seemed to be rather blunt with this leader of His apostles!
Now,
we get to see if we can find anything here about our "when" question.
If Jesus was planning to come back in our day in the twenty-first
century, what a foolish statement He made about John! John would now be
about 2,000 years old, still having birthdays, and still waiting for
the Lord to come! This makes no sense at all! But Jesus knew He would
be returning within a few decades. So now His statement makes sense!"
Did Jesus return within any of the disciples' lifetimes? Let's see what Scripture says:
John 21:17-23 (NASB)
17 He *said to him the third time, "Simon, son of John, do you love Me?" Peter was grieved because He said to him the third time, "Do you love Me?" And he said to Him, "Lord, You know all things; You know that I love You." Jesus *said to him, "Tend My sheep.
18 "Truly,
truly, I say to you, when you were younger, you used to gird yourself
and walk wherever you wished; but when you grow old, you will stretch
out your hands and someone else will gird you, and bring you where you
do not wish to go."
19 Now this He said, signifying by what kind of death he would glorify God. And when He had spoken this, He *said to him, "Follow Me!"
20 Peter, turning around, *saw the disciple whom Jesus loved following them; the one who also had leaned back on His bosom at the supper and said, "Lord, who is the one who betrays You?"
21 So Peter seeing him *said to Jesus, "Lord, and what about this man?"
22 Jesus *said to him, "If I want him to remain until I come, what is that to you? You follow Me!"
23 Therefore
this saying went out among the brethren that that disciple would not
die; yet Jesus did not say to him that he would not die, but only, "If I want him to remain until I come, what is that to you?"
Note
that Jesus was not
stating that any of the disciples would remain until
He comes again to commence His Eternal Kingdom. He was simply stating
that what should be of concern to Peter was not whether John
would still be alive when Jesus would come again, but for Peter to be
focused on following Jesus. So there is no stipulation here that Jesus
would come within the time frame of any of the disciples' lifetimes. We
are all to be focused on following Jesus - no matter what our personal
destiny is in o ur mortal lifetimes. Keep you eyes on Jesus. The issue
is eternity not what happens in the moment to moment temporal life.
Certain things in the temporal life are to be focused but with respect
to eternity, not the immediate temporal result.
[(Jn 21:20-23) Bible Knowledge Commentary]:
"21:20-23.
Peter, having been informed about God's plan for his life, naturally
wondered what the future held for his friend John, the disciple whom
Jesus loved. Jesus sharply rebuked Peter for being curious about God's
will for another's life: What is that to you? You must follow Me. Some
disciples can be easily distracted by unnecessary questions about God's
secret will; as a result they neglect God's plainly revealed will.
God's plans for Christians vary and His reasons are not often made
known. Peter was to commit himself to God's plain commands to him.
V) [Mt 26:64]:
This next quotation from Glenn Hill focuses upon Mt 26:64 on page 44:
[Glenn Hill]
But
again does this verse help us with our "when" question? Yes, it does!
What did Jesus tell the high priest and the Sanhedrin? Jesus told them
that they would see Him "coming on the clouds of heaven." He said, "You
will see the Son of Man ... coming on the clouds of heaven." He was
speaking to the high priest and the members of the Sanhedrin in AD 30,
not to you and me in the twenty-first century! So for Jesus' prophecy
to be true, some of the people in this gathering would have to still be
alive when Jesus came. Here is the answer to our "when" question! We
have Jesus AGAIN telling His contemporaries they would not die before
they saw His return! This time it was not His disciples, but His
enemies, the high priest and the Sanhedrin. Caiaphas shortly concluded
Jesus was guilty of blasphemy and that He should die, and the majority
agreed."
[Notice the three
periods (...) when he quotes from the passage, Author Glenn Hill
deliberately leaves out a critical part of the passage which rules
out the event occurring during Caiaphas' and the Sanhedrin's mortal
lifetimes: "From now on you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Mighty One
and coming on the clouds of heaven." How can they be in their mortal
bodies and see the Son of Man sitting in heaven at the right hand of
God the Mighty One.
MT 26:64
HEREAFTER YOU WILL SEE THE SON OF MAN COMING
[Mt 26:62-64 NASB]:
62
"Then the high priest stood up and said to Jesus, “Are you not going to
answer? What is this testimony that these men are bringing against
you?”
63 But Jesus remained silent. The high priest said
to him, “I charge you under oath by the living God: Tell us if you are
the Messiah, the Son of God.”
64 “You have said so,”
Jesus replied. “But I say to all of you: From now on you will see the
Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Mighty One and coming on
the clouds of heaven."
A) [(Mt 26:64) Expositor's Bible Commentary]:
Mt
26:64 NASB ''' “You have said so,” Jesus replied. “But I say to all of
you: From now on you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand
of the Mighty One and coming on the clouds of heaven."
"The best explanation of v. 64
is that Jesus is telling the members of the Sanhedrin ("you" is pl.)
that from then on they would not see him as he now stands before them
but only in his capacity as undisputed King Messiah and sovereign
Judge.
[The words in accordance with the normative rules of
language, context and logic cannot be restricted to the physical
lifetimes that the people He was physically present with or any other
times but for all
time no matter how long those individuals or any individuals might live
out their temporal lifetimes and on into eternity no matter what their
eternal destiny is. Jesus Christ will no longer be in His temporal body as
it existed in past times before
the cross, not yet as the resurrected "Son of Man" sitting at the right
hand of the Mighty One and as the One Who is coming on the clouds of
heaven in His Second Coming Who will forever be as that One Who came on
the clouds of heaven in His Second Coming for all of eternity!!!]
"From
now on" (i.e., "in the future," NIV) that is the way they will see him.
Matthew does not include the word "only" or the like (e.g., "From now
on you will only see the Son of Man sitting on the right hand .... ")
because it would imply a possibility they might not see him at all,
which is not true."
This cannot have Christ's Second Coming in
view in the physical lifetimes of those who were present with the Lord
at His trial because the Second Coming does not include seeing the
Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Mighty One in heaven
while these Jewish rulers were in their mortal lifetimes while on
earth. He will be the One Who will in the future evidently beyond their
mortal lifetimes be coming in the clouds in His Second Coming - in the
sense of Who He is, not necessarily restricted to occurring in their
first century lifetimes while they still were in their mortal bodies
when they might see Him.
VI) [Mt 10:23]:
This next quotation from Hill's book focuses upon Mt 10:23 is on page 46:
[Glenn Hill]
"Here
we have another place where Jesus mentioned the timing of His coming
and showed that His coming was not a far distant event, but would occur
in the lifetime of His first disciples:
"But
when they persecute you in this city, flee ye into another; for verily
I say unto you, Ye shall not have gone over the cities of Israel, till
the Son of man be come. (Matt 10:23)."
A careful reading of this passage provides a different conclusion than what author Glenn L. Hill has contrived:
MATTHEW 10:23
"YOU WILL NOT FINISH GOING THROUGH THE CITIES OF ISRAEL BEFORE THE SON OF MAN COMES"
[Mt 10:23]:
[Jesus said to His disciples, (Ref. v. 1)]:
"When
you are persecuted in one place, flee to another, I tell you the truth,
you [the disciples, (v. 1)] will not finish going through the cities of
Israel [preaching the gospel of the Kingdom of God is at hand, i.e.,
imminently ready to begin upon their acceptance of Jesus Christ as
Messiah, (vv. 6-7)] before the Son of Man [the Lord Jesus Himself]
comes."
"you
will not finish going through the cities of Israel" = "you" refers to
our Lord's disciples at the time of His earthly ministry, (v. 1).
"will
not finish going through the cities of Israel [proclaiming the gospel
of the kingdom, (vv. 6-7)] = Notice that application cannot be made to
another time since it is limited in context to the disciples' ministry
of bringing the gospel of the kingdom of heaven exclusively to the
cities of Israel and nowhere else, (v. 5).
Our
Lord had commissioned them to proclaim to Israel that upon Israel's
acceptance of Him as their Messiah He would usher in His Kingdom right
then and there:
OUR LORD'S IMMINENT PROMISE TO BRING IN THE KINGDOM
During
our Lord's earthly ministry, before His death, burial and resurrection,
the message proclaiming the kingdom was preached, stipulating that if
Israel trusted in their Messiah Jesus, our Lord would bring in the
kingdom as promised before the church was even formed. At this time the
church was not yet in view. The disciples themselves were Jews at this
time and not Christians. They were not yet part of the church.
[Mt 3:1-2, 6-8]:
(v. 1) "In those days John the Baptist came preaching in the desert in Judea and saying,
(v.
2) 'Repent, for the kingdom of heaven, [the eternal rule of God in
heaven over the earth, Dan 2:34-36, 44-45] is at hand [is imminent].
"Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand" =
"at hand" = imminently ready to begin]
This
passage is speaking about the Jewish people, (compare Isa 40:1-3 &
Mt 3:3), who came to John the Baptist in order to come to a point of
repentance relative to faith in the coming Messiah for their entrance
into the kingdom of God.
[Compare Jn 1:29-31]:
(v.
29) '''The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him and said, "Look,
the Lamb of God, Who takes away the sin of the world!
[Had
the nation Israel accepted our Lord as Messiah and Savior, then the
cross and the kingdom would have been imminent & without 2000 years
of church age. But this is not what the Bible predicts would happen:
The offer to Israel of the Kingdom through faith alone unto salvation
in the Messiah was made and rejected. Our Lord then changed the
direction of His gospel of eternal life, and began to establish the
foundation of the church through which the Gospel message would then be
carried to the world. The Mosaic Law Age was thereby abruptly
interrupted in its 383rd year with 7 years left to be fulfilled in the
future, (Dan 9:24-27). The once for all time sacrifice for sins was
then made - the basis for eternal life for both Jew and Gentile -
followed by 2000 years of the church age.
After
the rapture of the church there will be a resumed period of time when
Israel will finally accept their Messiah: the last 7 years of the Age
of the Mosaic Law - the Tribulation period, (Dan 7:25, 12:ALL, 1 Thes
4:13-18, Rev 12:ALL)]
[Jn 1:29-31 cont.]:
[So John the Baptist continues to describe Israel's Messiah to the nation Israel]:
(v. 30) This is the One I meant when I said, 'A Man who comes after me has surpassed me because He was before me.'
[A GodMan Who comes after me in time - has surpassed me because He was before me - being God, He is eternal]
(v.
31) I myself did not know Him, but the reason I came baptizing with
water was that He might be revealed to Israel."
[Notice
that John's water baptism ministry focused on the nation Israel. And
John testified that his water baptism of Jesus and others had something to do with the
revelation to Israel of the Messiah Jesus Christ - that He was the Lamb
of God Who came to take away the sin of the world.
Every
Jew in the nation of Israel who had trusted in the Messiah to come at
that time indicated this trust by going to John the Baptist and
receiving John's water baptism. So what were those people who were
baptized in John's baptism saying then? That they had been united to
Christ as part of the church? Obviously not! That wasn't the issue!
What they were saying with the Baptism of John was that they were ready
to be identified with the Messiah Savior and the offer of His Kingdom -
His earthly Kingdom. In other words, the Millennium was ready to be
inaugurated right then 2000 years ago! It was only waiting upon the
acceptance of the Jewish people of the King which God had provided: God
Himself, God the Son, the One Who was born on that first Christmas day
and Who now had grown to Manhood and had just begun His ministry...
...John's baptism was...... a religious rite for Jews only, signifying
confession of sin and commitment to a holy life in the anticipation of
the coming Messiah [Mt 3:6-8]. It never occurred outside of Israel! No
one hearing John preach asked him what he was talking about relative to
the kingdom of heaven, for the concept of Messiah's rule over the
kingdom of earth was a common thread in Old Testament prophesy. The
requirement for the Messiah's coming was that the nation Israel
repent.. [i.e., trust alone in the Messiah alone for eternal life and
not in their heritage through Abraham: Mt 3:1-2, 8-10]"
When
Christ appeared to the Jewish people, the next event in prophesy as
they understood it should have been the setting up of the Davidic
kingdom with their Messiah as King. Even our Lord's disciples
understood it this way:
[Mt 24:3]:
"And
as He [Jesus, (v. 1)] was sitting on the Mount of Olives, the disciples
came to Him privately, saying, 'Tell us, when will these things be, and
what will be the sign of Your coming, and of the end of the age?"
At
the time of John the Baptist the Lord Jesus Christ also baptized
Israelites in the Jordan River and preached the same message as John
the Baptist did: the message of the good news of the kingdom of heaven for
Israel for those who trust in Him as Messiah for eternal life in the
kingdom:
[Mt 4:17]:
"From
that time on [from the time when John the Baptist was imprisoned, Mt
4:12-16] Jesus began to preach, 'Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is
at hand. ' " Cp. Mt 9:35-38; Mk 1:14; Lk 4:43-44.
[Mk 6:6b-12]:
(v. 6b) "Then Jesus went around teaching from village to village.
(v. 7) Calling the Twelve to Him, He sent them out two by two and gave them authority over evil spirits.
(v.
8) These were His instructions: 'Take nothing for the journey except a
staff - no bread, no bag, no money in your belts.
(v. 9) Wear sandals but not an extra tunic.
[Notice that the context of this passage indicates local towns - WITHIN JUDEA - WITHIN ISRAEL]
(v. 10) Whenever you enter a house, stay there until you leave that town.
(v.
11) And if any place will not welcome you or listen to you, shake the
dust off your feet when you leave, as a testimony against them.'
(v. 12) They went out and preached that people should repent."
And in the parallel passage in Matthew, our Lord issues the following instructions to His disciples:
[Mt 10:5-7]:
(v.
5) '''These twelve Jesus sent out with the following instructions: "Do
not go among the Gentiles or enter any town of the Samaritans.
(v. 6) Go rather to the lost sheep of Israel.
(v. 7) As you go, preach this message: 'The kingdom of heaven is near.' " '''
"The kingdom of heaven is near [i.e., imminent, at hand]" =
"near" = "eggiken" = caused to approach, to draw near, i.e., imminent, ready to be ushered in.
Notice
that our Lord commanded His disciples NOT to preach the gospel of the
kingdom to Gentiles. The message was exclusively for the nation Israel
- if they accept Him as their Messiah our Lord was ready, right then
and there, to bring in the millennial kingdom. So the water baptisms
that our Lord had His disciples perform were for the same symbolic
purpose as the baptisms that John the Baptist performed: identification
by each individual Jew with the nation Israel and with the bringing in
of the kingdom by trusting in the Messiah Jesus Christ:
[Jn 4:1-2]:
(v. 1) "The Pharisees heard that Jesus was gaining and baptizing more disciples than John,
(v. 2) although in fact it was not Jesus Who baptized, but His disciples."
[Jn 3:22-36]:
(22)
'''After this, Jesus and His disciples went out into the Judean
countryside, where He spent some time with them, and baptized.
(v.
23) Now John also was baptizing at Aenon near Salim, because there was
plenty of water, and people were constantly coming to be baptized.
(v.
26) They [some of John's disciples] came to John and said to him,
"Rabbi, that man Who was with you on the other side of the Jordan - the
One you testified about - well, He is baptizing, and everyone is going
to Him."
(v. 27) To this John replied, "A man can receive only what is given Him from heaven.
(v. 28) You yourselves can testify that I said, 'I am not the Christ but am sent ahead of Him.'
(v.
29) The bride belongs to the bridegroom. The friend who attends the
bridegroom waits and listens for Him, and is full of joy when he
hears the bridegroom's voice. That joy is mine, and it is now complete.
(v. 30) He must become greater; I must become less." '''
So
John the Baptist testifies here that the Messiah, Whom he announced as
the "Lamb of God Who takes away the sin of the world", (Jn 1:29), is
here, ready to usher in His kingdom. Our Lord also preaches to and
water baptizes individuals of Israel so that they would "repent for the
kingdom of heaven is at hand." Messiah's kingdom is imminent and only
awaits Israel's changing its mind and accepting Christ as Savior and
Messiah.
[Mt 10:23 cont.]:
[Jesus said to His disciples, (ref. v. 1)]:
"When
you are persecuted in one place, flee to another, I tell you the truth,
you [the disciples, (v. 1)] will not finish going through the cities of
Israel [preaching the gospel of the Kingdom of God is at hand, i.e.,
imminently ready to begin upon their acceptance of Jesus Christ as
Messiah, (v. 6-7)] before the Son of Man [the Lord Jesus Himself]
comes."
"before
the Son of Man comes" = Before the Lord Jesus Christ makes His
triumphal entry into Jerusalem as the Son of Man - as the Messiah of
Israel - in order, upon being accepted by the nation Israel, to bring
in the Kingdom as their King.
"the Son of Man" = Our Lord often refers to Himself as the Son of Man.
[Compare Mt 8:19-20]:
(v. 19) "And a certain scribe came and said to Him, [Jesus, (v. 18)], 'Teacher, I will follow You wherever You go.'
(v.
20) And Jesus said to him, 'The foxes have holes, and the birds of the
air have nests; but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay His head."
[Compare Mt 12:8]:
Our
Lord is answering the Pharisees accusations that Jesus was breaking the
Sabbath. He answers authoritatively as the Lord of the Sabbath:
"For the Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath."
And
Old Testament Scripture clearly portrays the Son of Man as the GodMan
who will reign over His kingdom on the earth:
Consider what Scripture defines as the meaning of the term: 'Son of Man'.
C.I.
Scofield states in footnote #4 in the Oxford NIV Scofield Study Bible,
NIV, C. I. Scofield, Editor, Oxford University Press, 1984, p. 819:
"The
expression 'son of man' is a common Semitic way of indicating an
individual man (Ps. 4:2; 57; 4; 58:1; 144:3; Jer 49:18, 33; 50:40;
51:43). God addresses Ezekial about ninety times by this title. In Dan.
7:13 the term is used to show that an actual man [Who is at the same
time God] will come in the clouds of heaven to receive a worldwide
kingdom. From this use in Daniel it came to refer to the glorious
Messiah [Who is defined in Scripture as God Himself], and in such a
sense Jesus utilized it calling Himself 'the Son of man eighty times in
the Gospels."
[Notice: singular + THE = definite article = THE unique - one and only - Son of man singular: indicating Diety]
[Compare Jn 9:35-38]:
(v. 35) "Jesus heard that they had put him
["him" = the blind man who was healed by Jesus]
(v.
35 cont.) "Jesus heard that they had put him out [of the Temple]; and
finding him, He said, 'Do you believe in the Son of Man?
(v. 36) He answered and said, 'And Who is He, Lord, that I may believe in Him?
(v. 37) Jesus said to him, 'You have both seen Him, and He is the One Who is talking with you.'
(v. 38) And he said, 'Lord, I believe.' And he worshipped Him.' "
So
the man who was given sight recognized that the One Who claims to be
the Son of Man is to be worshipped. And the blind man who was Jewish,
(v. 35), knew full well that only God is to be worshipped. The term
'the Son of Man' when it refers to our Lord in Scripture means God the
Son in His role as the representative Man with respect to His mission,
(Mt 11:19; Lk 19:10); His death and resurrection, (Mt 12:40; 20:18;
26:2), and His Second Coming, (Mt 24:37-44; Lk 12:4). A passage in
Daniel confirms this:
[Dan 7:13-14]:
(v.
13) "In my [Daniel's] vision at night I looked and there before me was
One like the Son of Man coming with the clouds of heaven.
["clouds" = here refer to angels, (Ps 104:1-4]
(v. 13 cont.) He approached the Ancient of Days.....
["Ancient
of Days" = a special name for God referring to His eternality - in this
passage it refers to the Personality of the Father, (Dan 7:9)]
(v. 13 cont.) He approached the Ancient of Days and was led into His presence.......
[So
God the Son, Who is God and Man at the same time, appears in heaven in
Daniel's vision of the future in His glorified human body. He is thusly
led by angels into the throne room and the presence of God the Father
before hosts, i.e. armies, of angelic beings and believers of ages
past, (vv. 9-12)]
(v.
14) He was given authority, glory and sovereign power; all peoples,
nations and men of every language worshipped Him....
["worshipped Him" = indicates our Lord's Diety, for only God is to be worshipped, (Dt 6:13; Mt 4:10)]
[Dan 7:13-14 cont.]:
(v.
14 cont.) He was given authority, glory and sovereign power; all
peoples, nations and men of every language worshipped Him. His dominion
is an everlasting dominion that will not pass away; and His kingdom is
one that will never be destroyed."
[It
is in the name of the Son of Man in which universal judgment is
committed to Him, (Jn 5:22,27). And in the Son of Man is fulfilled the
Old Testament foreview of blessing and salvation through a coming Man,
(Gen 1:26: 3:15; 12:3; Ps 8:4; 80:17; Isa 7:14: 9:6-7; 32:2). All of
this is a function of God and God alone. So He Who bears the title of
the Son of Man is God Himself]
[Mt 10:23 cont.]:
[Jesus said to His disciples, (ref. v. 1)]:
"When
you are persecuted in one place, flee to another, I tell you the truth,
you [the disciples, (v. 1)] will not finish going through the cities of
Israel [preaching the gospel of the Kingdom of God is at hand, i.e.,
imminently ready to begin upon their acceptance of Jesus Christ as
Messiah, (vv. 6-7)] before the Son of Man [the Lord Jesus Himself]
comes [to bring in the Kingdom]."
The fulfillment of Mt 10:23 occurs just as our Lord predicted it:
Within the perspective of the disciples - those to whom our Lord was speaking.
Before the disciples finished proclaiming the gospel of the kingdom to the cities of Israel,
Jesus
Christ as the Son of Man would make His triumphal entry into Jerusalem
in order to receive the acceptance of Israel as their King and as a
result bring in the Kingdom - but they ultimately rejected Him and
crucified Him instead.
[Jn 12:12-15]:
(v.
12) "On the next day the great multitude who had come to the feast,
when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem,
(v.
13) took the branches of the palm trees, and went out to meet Him, and
began to cry out, 'Hosanna! Blessed is He Who comes in the name of the
Lord, even the King of Israel.'
(v. 14) And Jesus, finding a young donkey, sat on it; as it was written,
(v. 15) 'Fear not, Daughter of Zion; behold, your King is coming, seated on a donkey's colt. [Ref. Zech 9:9]' "
But this atmosphere of acceptance deteriorated into one of supreme rejection:
[Jn 19:13-15]:
(v.
13) "When Pilate heard this, he brought Jesus out and sat down on the
judge's seat at a place known as the Stone Pavement (which is Aramaic
is Gabbatha).
(v.
14) It was the day of Preparation of Passover Week, about the sixth
hour. 'Here is your king,' Pilate said to the Jews.
(v. 15) But they shouted, 'Take Him away! Take Him away! Crucify Him!"
'Shall I crucify your king?' Pilate asked.
'We have no king but Caesar,' the chief priests answered."
Compare our Lord's statement on this matter of His rejection:
[Lk 19:41-44]:
(v. 41) "As He approached Jerusalem and saw the city, He wept over it
(v.
42) and said, 'If you, even you, had only known on this day what would
bring you peace - but now it is hidden from your eyes
(v.
43) The days will come upon you when your enemies will build an
embankment against you and encircle you and hem you in on every side.
(v.
44) They will dash you to the ground, you and the children within your
walls. They will not leave one stone on another, because you did not
recognize the time of God's coming to you.' "
VII) [Revelation 2-3]:
From page 51, 54-55 we read in the chapter entitled, 'IN THE REVELATION WHEN DID JESUS SAY HE WAS COMING?":
[Glenn Hill]
"It
will be interesting to see whether Jesus reveals anything about the
time of His return in the last book of the Bible, the great mystery
book, Revelation....
The book opens like this:
"The
Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto Him, to shew unto His
servants things which must shortly come to pass; and He sent and
signified it by His angel unto His servant John (Rev 1:1)...
So
far all of our answers seem to come from the first few verses. That is
the sign of a well-written letter, is it not? Go back to verse 1. Jesus
said that He was showing His servants things which MUST SHORTLY come to
pass. That is quite a hint! He was saying to these seven churches that
the things about which they would be reading in their letter were
things that would happen "shortly." And He put even more emphasis on
"shortly" by adding "must"! Jesus was saying that the things in this
book were not going to be stretched out over centuries and millennia.
They MUST come to pass SHORTLY!
Can
you believe that? Virtually all we see, hear, and read today is how all
these prophecies in Revelation are either happening right now or they
are on the verge of happening in the near future! Something is wrong
here! Jesus told these churches in Asia in the first century AD that
these things "must shortly come to pass"! That was nearly 2,000 years
ago! Either the events prophesied in Revelation have long since been
fulfilled or Jesus and John deceived, misled, and lied to the saints at
Sardis, Ephesus, and the other churches! What a dilemma this is for
Christianity and for its teachings that the prophecies in Revelation
are still waiting to be fulfilled - 2,000 years later!"
Note that there is NOTHING
stipulated or
quoted or referred to by Glenn in his book which is taken from Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14; Ez 37:21-28;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al to
describe events
predicted for the time of the Rapture, the Day of the Lord / the
Tribulation Period
and thereafter so as to corroborate that these things actually did
occur in AD 70 or not. He focuses mainly upon Rev chapters 2 & 3 and
somewhat on 6 to "prove" out his
case via stretching words and phrases outside of their context to prove
his case for a local AD 70 Second Coming instead of a worldwide series
of events involving all mankind many years after AD 70. How are so many
passages omitted that show a worldwide effect when Christ comes
again? We have looked at Rev
chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters
12-14; Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al; and find that what these passages describe have not
actually occurred yet. Rev chapters 4-22 add even more detail and
expand this even more, including supernatural, worldwide,
universe and heavenwide effects. Just open up Revelation and read
through all 19 chapters and see how expansive / all encompassing are
the events in heaven and earth that lead up to the Rapture,
Tribulation, Second Coming and thereafter.
[A) [Compare Bible Knowledge Commentary On Rev 1:1]:
"1:1.
The opening words, The revelation of Jesus Christ, indicate the subject
of the entire book. The word "revelation" is a translation of the Greek
apokalypsis, meaning "an unveiling" or "a disclosure." From this word
comes the English "apocalypse." The revelation was given to John to
communicate to others, His servants, and it prophesies what must soon
take place, rather than relating an historic presentation as in the four
Gospels. The word "soon" (en tachei; cf. 2:16; 22:7, 12, 20) means that
the action will be sudden when it comes, not necessarily that it will
occur immediately. Once the end-time events begin, they will occur in
rapid succession (cf. Luke 18:8; Acts 12:7; 22:18; 25:4; Rom. 16:20)."
****** ******
Here
is a study on these issues in Revelation chapters 2-3 in blue font by Robert L. Thomas with interjections from other sources in [purple font] that will bring
considerable light on the issue of the Comings of Christ as portrayed in Scripture properly interpreted :
THE 'COMINGS' OF CHRIST IN REVELATION 2–3
Robert L. Thomas
Professor of New Testament
www.galaxie.com
Six of the seven messages of Christ in Rev 2–3 contain references to
His coming. In three instances He promises to come and deliver His faithful
from persecution, and in three He threatens to come and judge the unfaithful.
In all six His coming is imminent, whether for deliverance or for judgment.
The only way this can happen is for the deliverance - the rapture of the
church - and the judgment - the beginning of Daniel's seventieth week - to
occur simultaneously. The two chapters provide three more passages that
refer to His coming indirectly. The forecast in these too is for His return at
any moment. A survey of other relevant NT passages reflects the same dual
imminence for the two events. The phenomena surrounding these predicted
comings lead inevitably to the conclusion that Christ's return for His church
must be pretribulational, because this is the only way to explain satisfactorily
how the two future events can be simultaneous.
[biblestudymanuals.net:
Note that the future judgment of Christ upon the world is portrayed in Scripture as the Day of the Lord
- beginning with the Rapture, the Tribulation Period, a period of seven years
beginning immediately after the Rapture and escalating thereafter
in judgment upon the earth and climaxing with Christ's Second
Coming which climaxes His judgment upon the earth thereafter beginning
His millennial kingdom rule on earth to last forever when there will be a new heavens and a new earth ]
* * * * *
Robert L. Thomas
In Revelation 2–3 Christ speaks of His coming explicitly in six
of the messages to the seven churches of Asia. He does so in three of
the messages through a form of the verb 5 erxomai (erchomai, "I will
come"1) (2:5, 16; 3:11). In two of the messages he does so with the verb
________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
1 Though 5 erxomai (erchomai, "I will come") is present tense, contextual nuances in
Revelation and the verbal idea of "coming" warrant construing it as a futuristic use of
the present tense. The same understanding prevails in the verb's use in John 14:3: "I
will come again and receive you to Myself. "Comings_of_Christ"
________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
eq \O(,h) kv (h eq \O(~,e)k eq \O(~,o), "I come") (2:25; 3:3). In one
message e eq \O(1,i)s eq \O(3,e)rxomai (eiserchomai, "I enter") refers to his
coming (3:20). Smyrna is the only church that receives no word about
a coming of the Lord.
__________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
The next step will be to examine the implications the 'comings' in regard to
the timing of the church's rapture. Next will come an inquiry into three indirect
references to Christ's return in the seven messages. Lastly, this essay will survey
briefly how the rest of the NT aligns with results of the study.
'COMINGS' FOR DELIVERANCE
Robert L. Thomas
Thyatira (2:25)
[biblestudymanuals.net.
Revelation 2:18-29 (NASB)
18
"And to the angel of the church in Thyatira write: The Son of God, who
has eyes like a flame of fire, and His feet are like burnished bronze,
says this:
19 'I know your deeds, and your love and faith
and service and perseverance, and that your deeds of late are greater
than at first.
20 'But I have this against you, that you
tolerate the woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess, and she
teaches and leads My bond-servants astray so that they commit acts of
immorality and eat things sacrificed to idols.
21 'I gave her time to repent, and she does not want to repent of her immorality.
22
'Behold, I will throw her on a bed of sickness, and those who commit
adultery with her into great tribulation, unless they repent of her
deeds.
23 'And I will kill her children with pestilence, and
all the churches will know that I am He who searches the minds and
hearts; and I will give to each one of you according to your deeds.
24
'But I say to you, the rest who are in Thyatira, who do not hold this
teaching, who have not known the deep things of Satan, as they call
them - I place no other burden on you.
25 'Nevertheless what you have, hold fast until I come.
26 'He who overcomes, and he who keeps My deeds until the end, TO HIM I WILL GIVE AUTHORITY OVER THE NATIONS;
27
AND HE SHALL RULE THEM WITH A ROD OF IRON, AS THE VESSELS OF THE POTTER
ARE BROKEN TO PIECES, as I also have received authority from My Father;
28 and I will give him the morning star.
29 'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.' "]
Robert L. Thomas
Among the promises of deliverance for the faithful, the word to the
Thyatiran church in 2:25 is the earliest: "other than [this], hold fast what you have
until I come." The loyal in the church had already received high marks for their
works (2:19) and for their freedom from the defilements of Jezebel (2:24a). Christ
has just promised them exemption from any further burden (2:24b).
[biblestudymanuals.net]:
(Rev 2:24 NASB) "
'But I say to you, the rest who are in Thyatira, who do not hold this
teaching, who have not known the deep things of Satan, as they call
them - I place no other burden on you."
This was evidently
a unique protection for them in their temporal lives - the Rapture not
being in view in this context because the world conditions since the
first century never reached to the point of escalation that would then
indicate the imminency of the Rapture & Tribulation Period.
Nevertheless all believers are given protection / salvation /
deliverance from temporal difficulties, i.e., temporal salvation / deliverance each in accordance with the sovereignty of God.]
Robert L. Thomas
The exception to this promise in Rev 2:25 2 is the urgent need 3 that they continue to hold fast in the face of opposition they already faced, i.e., the pressure exerted by Jezebel and her
followers. The incentive to do so was the nearness of Christ's return. No matter how severe enemy pressures might become, the followers of Christ had the hope that His return was imminent.4
All they had to do was hold out a little longer, and their Lord would
rescue them from the clutches of evil. The form eq \O(,h) jv (h eq
\O(~,e)x eq \O(~,o), "I will come") refers to Christ's return as
it does twice in the message to Sardis (3:3). The truth of His coming
provides motivation for moral action here as it does in five of the
other six messages.
[biblestudymanuals.net]
This
cannot be because the urgent need of the Thyatiran church as stipulated
in Rev 2:25 as well as the local / urgent needs of the other churches
because all have come and gone - their mortal lives have ended BEFORE THE RAPTURE.
But recall the dead in Christ will rise up in perfect resurrection
bodies first and go with Christ to heaven for rewards for their
perseverance if any at the Judgment Seat of Christ . None of them therefore were part
of the conditions to be met to make the Rapture / Tribulation Period
become imminent which the latter over these thousands of years is
therefore yet future. Nevertheless all believers are given protection / salvation /
deliverance from temporal difficulties, i.e., temporal salvation each in accordance with the sovereignty of God
- those difficulties which are not leading up to Christ's return to
deliver them from the Tribulation Period - these are nevertheless
highly rewardable. But their perseverance in their temporal lives will lead to rewards in heaven at the Judgment Seat of Christ .
(Rev 2:25 NASB) " 'Nevertheless what you have, hold fast until I come.
Note
that Christ's return - the Rapture - to deliver one - the church - from the Tribulation Period. And that is in
view provided the timeframe was nearing the commencement of the
Tribulation Period!!!! Otherwise there is no imminincy until then for
Christ's deliverance via the Rapture. Albeit first century believers
indeed did have their share of persecution and troubles. But during the
first two centuries of the Church Age the commencement of the
Tribulation period was not at hand. For all believers are given protection / salvation /
deliverance from temporal difficulties, i.e., temporal salvation each in accordance with the sovereignty of God.]
_____________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
2Note
the force of pl/hn (pl~en, "other than [this]") in v. 25 (Robert L.
Thomas, Revelation 1 - 7, An Exegetical Commentary, Kenneth Barker, gen.
ed. [Chicago: Moody, 1992] 230).
3 The aorist imperative krat/hsate (krat~esate, "hold fast") focuses on urgency (Thomas, 1 - 7 231).
4 "Imminent" means "ready to take place" (Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed.
[Springfield,
Mass: Merriam-Webster, 1993] 580). In the context of the present
discussion it means that no biblical prophecy remains to be fulfilled
prior to the predicted event. The scope of the present discussion does
not permit a detailed response to Robert H. Gundry's attempt to equate
"imminence" with "expectation" (cf. The Church and the Tribulation
[Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1973] 29-43). He is seemingly oblivious to
the necessity of a pretribulational rapture created by part of the
definition of "imminence" he endorses: "a possibility of occurrence at
any moment" (ibid., 29). His posttribulational view removes that
possibility and thereby the imminence of Christ's return, yet he does
not directly address the issue.
________________________________________________________________________________
[Robert L. Thomas]
Philadelphia (3:11)
[biblestudymanuals.net]
Revelation 3:7-11 (NASB)
7
"And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write: He who is holy,
who is true, who has the key of David, who opens and no one will shut,
and who shuts and no one opens, says this:
8 'I know your
deeds. Behold, I have put before you an open door which no one can
shut, because you have a little power, and have kept My word, and have
not denied My name.
9 'Behold, I will cause those of the
synagogue of Satan, who say that they are Jews and are not, but lie—I
will make them come and bow down at your feet, and make them know that
I have loved you.
10 'Because you have kept the word of My
perseverance, I also will keep you from the hour of testing, that hour
which is about to come upon the whole world, to test those who dwell on
the earth.
11 'I am coming quickly; hold fast what you have, so that no one will take your crown]
12
'He who overcomes, I will make him a pillar in the temple of My God,
and he will not go out from it anymore; and I will write on him the
name of My God, and the name of the city of My God, the new Jerusalem,
which comes down out of heaven from My God, and My new name.
13 'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.']
Robert L. Thomas
The deliverance promised to the church in Philadelphia in 3:11 resembles
what Christ promised the church in Thyatira. Its admonition to "hold fast what
you have" is along the lines of His earlier word for believers to hold their ground
and not compromise because of persecution (cf. 2:25). This is a sort of motto for the
faithful in each church.5 This time, however, rather than emphasizing urgency, the
command stresses continuance and durability.6
[biblestudymanuals.net]
Revelation 3:10-11 (NASB)
10
" 'Because you have kept the word of My perseverance, I also will keep
you from the hour of testing, that hour which is about to come upon the
whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth.
Rev 3:11 'I am coming quickly; hold fast what you have, so that no one will take your crown."
Robert L. Thomas
The motive for tenacity in 3:11 is an anticipation of Christ's near return for deliverance.
The basis
for the anticipation is the promise that comes immediately after He
describes the impending "hour of trial" in 3:10.
The words eq \O(5,e) rxomai tax eq \O(/,y) (erchomai tachu, "I will come soon") express His promised coming in this instance.
[biblestudymanuals.net]
Note
that the phrase rendered, "I also will keep you from the hour of
testing, that hour which is about to come upon the whole world, to test
those who dwell on the earth," has in view the commencement of the 7
year tribulation period .
This tribulation period will commence immediately after the
rapture which the rapture is imminent / near in the sense that it is
the next
prophetic event to occur in history
- which from the first century on even to this day and age of 2022 has
not occurred yet as one may
discern by properly studying the events following the rapture as
portrayed in Rev
chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters
12-14; Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al and
elsewhere. For if
any of this has indeed occurred, then the rapture of necessity has
already occurred and the Day of the Lord is in progress. The rescue /
rapture of believers of the church will occur just before the commencement of the
tribulation
period wherein believers of the church will be removed from the planet
thus not being subjected to God's judgment / wrath upon those left
behind on the
earth who will all at first be unbelievers.
10
" 'Because you have kept the word of My perseverance, I also will keep
you from the hour of testing, that hour which is about to come upon the
whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth.
11 'I am coming quickly; hold fast what you have, so that no one will take your crown."
So Rev 3:10-11 entertains
the
possibility, not the certainty
nor imminency of that tribulation period upon the individuals
addressed, especially because it stipulates "that hour which is about
to come upon the whole world." It does indicate that should
that tribulation which is indeed stipulated as "upon the whole world"
should it then be imminent then as promised, the Lord will
come quickly to remove the believers of the church in Philadelphia and
from on the planet, i.e., from the earth. On the other hand this world
wide tribulation period did
not occur in the first century at any time because the events of
the Tribulation period as
described in Scripture such as in Rev
chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters
12-14; Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al
- especially Rev chs 4-22
and elsewhere did not occur. Hence Jesus Christ did not come
in the first
century to Rapture the believers of the church age. Nor did He come 7
years later to begin His millennial rule over the whole earth. So His
coming to rescue the
saints just before the commencement of the Tibulation period
is yet future. Furthermore, His Second Coming is also yet future, to
occur 7 years later, at the end of the Tribulation period to come to
deliver the Tribulation Saints from destruction so that they may
inhabit the earth in their mortal, longlived, sinless bodies with a
perfect knowledge of God's Word.
So the near / soon return will occur should the tribulation / Day of
the Lord indicate that it is to begin during their time in history
because it is the time for the Day of the Lord to begin
On
the other hand, other events of persecution, testing, difficulty may
occur throughout ones mortal life for which God's Word stipulates on is to persevere through this temporal tribulation. For all believers are given protection / salvation /
deliverance from temporal difficulties, i.e., temporal salvation each in accordance with the sovereignty of God].
[Robert L. Thomas]
5Erxomai
(Erchomai, "I will come"), of course, sounds the keynote of the whole
book as stated in 1:7: "Behold, He comes with the clouds, and every eye
will see Him, even those who pierced Him, and all the families of the
earth will mourn over Him. Yes, amen."
[biblestudymanuals.net]
On the
other hand, Rev 1:7 has in view Christ's Second Coming to bring
Judgment and His Rule to the earth which reads, "Behold, He comes with the clouds, and every eye
will see Him, even those who pierced Him, and all the families of the
earth will mourn over Him. Yes, amen." This does not have the rapture in view which is presented in
Rev 3:10-11 which will rescue church age believers by extracting them
from the planet earth up into the clouds to bring them back to heaven with
Himself to await seven more years when He will come again just in time
to stop mankind from destroying humanity on the planet and to begin His rule on earth. Two separate
comings of Christ are therefore in view in Rev 1:7 - the Second Coming and in Rev 3:10-11 - the Rapture ]
[Robert L. Thomas]
Incidentally,
this is the fifth in a series of promises to the faithful in the
Philadelphian church (cf. one promise in 3:8, two in 3:9, and one in 3:10).
The appending of "soon" (tax eq \O(/,y), tachy) to His promised coming makes
explicit what is only implicit in 2:25. It heightens the expectancy that Christ's
coming to deliver the faithful from their difficult circumstances was not far away.7
[biblestudymanuals.net]
And Christ's deliverance, i.e., the Rapture of all believers
who are
physically alive [as well as all those who are dead in Christ] at the
commencement of the Day of the Lord / Tribulation period would have
occurred had history reached the point in
which the tribulation was about to begin. But it did not happen in the
first century or at any time into the 21st century. If it was
about to
occur, then it would have necessitated Christ's coming soon to / quickly to locate
Himself in the clouds above the earth to Rapture the
church from the surface of the earth in the lifetimes of believers
throughout the earth in the first
century. So Christ would have arrived soon in the clouds to catch up
the believers in the clouds to bring them home with Him. Thereafter,
there would have been seven years transpired when He would have
returned to the surface of the earth
in His Second Coming - visible to all mankind - in judgment upon
unbelievers on the earth as well as in protection of all those who
became believers in Him during these seven years - especially every
single Jew / Israelite in order to become a nation of Jewish priests over the
people of the earth ; and to
rule the earth forever co-ruling with Jesus Christ.
On
the other hand, other events of persecution, testing, difficulty may
occur throughout ones life for which God's word stipulates all
believers are to be held to task under the sovereignty of God. For all believers are given protection / salvation /
deliverance from temporal difficulties, i.e., temporal salvation each in accordance with the sovereignty of God]
[Robert L. Thomas]
The abruptness of the promise heightens its emphasis. Its placement immediately
after His word about the coming "hour of trial" implies that this coming will
accomplish the deliverance promised in v. 10
[biblestudymanuals.net]
And
the promised deliverance will occur should
the tribulation / Day of the Lord be about to
begin which those of the seven churches and all believers have a
detailed picture of what that entails from Rev
chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters
12-14; Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - both on
earth and in heaven. So they will know when the Lord will appear soon
relative to that detailed picture in order to rescue those who are in
their mortal bodies when the time comes and the imminency of the Day of
the Lord presents itself. Nevertheless they have likewise been given
the command to persevere in the faith day by day no matter what the
condtions or period of time they are living in moment to moment in their mortal
bodies].
[Robert L. Thomas]
The attention to immediacy that the addition of "soon" brings is a principal note
throughout the book. John sounds the note first in 1:1a in his use of the comparable
eq \O(1,e) n t eq \O(/,a)xei (en tachei, "soon"): "The Revelation of Jesus Christ,
which
God gave Him to show His slaves, the things that must happen soon." It
is a note that sounds repetitively until the end: "And behold, I will
come soon" (22:7a); "Behold, I will come soon" (22:12a); "Yes, I will
come soon" (22:20).8
[biblestudymanuals.net]
The
above four phrases in Rev 1:1a, 22:7a, 22:12a, 22:20 have in view
the time frame for the commencement of the Day of the Lord / the
Tribulation Period when it is about to be an immediate historical event
in time. This immediacy will prompt in actual history the immediate
coming of Christ in / into the clouds above the earth in order to deliver the
saints of the church age from the imminently coming Day of the Lord /
the Tribulation Period who at that time remain alive - they will be caught up in the
Rapture as well as
those believers of the church age who have previously died in
Christ throughout the Church Age
Revelation 1:1 (NASB)
1 The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave Him to show to His bond-servants, the things which must soon take place; and He sent and communicated it by His angel to His bond-servant John, ]
[Robert L. Thomas]
Another understanding of en tachei ("soon") in 1:1 has assigned it a different
meaning of "speedily." It refers [to] the expression to the speed with which the events
_____________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
6 The
command is present imperative of krat3ev (krate~o, "I hold fast") as
compared with the aorist imperative in 2:25 (Thomas, 1 - 7 291 n. 68).
7Thomas, 1 - 7 290.
8Richard
Bauckham cites 1:1, 3; 2:16; 3:11; 22:7, 10, 12, 20 in observing that
Revelation shares with most of the NT documents the feature of
"imminent expectation": "John's prophecy is a revelation of 'what must
soon take place.' . . . This cannot mean only that the great conflict
of the church and the Empire is soon to begin, for the parousia itself
is also said to be soon" (The Theology of the Book of Revelation
[Cambridge: University Press, 1993] 147). He errs, however, in
theorizing that this temporal imminence conflicts with eschatological
delay in the book because he fails to allow for the separate stages in
the future parousia of Christ (cf. ibid., 157-59).
__________________________________________________________________________________
[Robert L. Thomas]
have begun. Proponents have cited the phrase's usage in five passages to support
this meaning (cf. Luke 18:8; Acts 12:7; 22:18; 25:4; Rom
16:20),9 but in at least two of the five the meaning is debatable (cf. Luke 18:8; Rom
16:20). They have also noted the necessity of attributing error to the text if the
meaning "soon" is correct. After all, it has been nineteen hundred years since the
prediction and much of what the book prophesies has not yet begun to happen.10
[biblestudymanuals.net]
Christ's deliverance of all church age believers who are on the earth from
the worldwide Tribulation period during the church age in their
mortal bodies [as well as all church age believers who are dead
in Christ] would have occurred had
history reached the point in which the tribulation was about to begin - which events are
clearly and repeatedly described in Rev
chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters
12-14; Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - Rev esp. chapters 4-22. But none of this has not
occurred yet - not in the
first century nor on into the 21st century so far. If it was about to
occur, then it would have necessitated the imminent / soon / quick
occurence of
Christ's coming soon in the clouds above the earth to Rapture the
church in the lifetimes of believers throughout the earth in the first
century and including the dead in Christ as well. So Christ would have
arrived soon in the clouds to catch up
the church age believers in the clouds to bring them to heaven with Him before the
Day
of the Lord / the seven year Tribulation period of God's wrath to be brought upon the
unbelievers in that period, yet He will supernaturally superintend over
the preservation of many who become
believers during that seven year period. Thereafter,
there would have been seven years of wrath / judgment after
which He would then
return to earth
in His Second Coming in final judgment and to rule the earth forever -
beginning with the Millennial Rule followed by the New Heavens and the
New Earth]
[Robert L. Thomas]
This view does not do justice to the major emphasis of the book, however:
the emphasis upon the shortness of time before fulfillment.
[biblestudymanuals.net]
Once
that short time moment in history - the commencement of the Day of the Lord / the
Tribulation period is imminently a reality so then will the Rapture be
imminent / a reality in that same time. The one coming simultaneously with the other quickly / soon.]
[Robert L. Thomas]
That focus is repeatedly instrumental in bringing encouragement to God's people in the midst of
their persecution.
[biblestudymanuals.net]
Whether
or not a believer is in the midst of temporal persecution day by day or specifically as a result of
the imminently approaching Day of the Lord - the Tribulation or if it is some other
temporal difficulty or trial ; regardless, he is nevertheless commanded / encouraged to be
faithful moment to moment in his Christian life with a view to God's speedy deliverance from such temporal difficulty and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance with the Sovereignty of God his Father
- whether the difficulty be due to a purview of the Day of the Lord or
not!
On the other hand martyrdom is not out of the question or discipline
for a believer who warrants it as indicated in Christ's address to the
seven churches in Rev 2 & 3, or simply a testing out of ones
faithfulness
beyond the will of the believer]
[Robert L. Thomas]
They do not have to wait long for relief to come, so they have
incentive to persevere. To say that relief will come "speedily" or in rapid-fire
sequence provides no encouragement, but to say that it will come "soon" does.11
The words "for the time is near" in 1:3b provide reinforcement for assigning
en tachei ("soon") in 1:1 the meaning of imminence.
[biblestudymanuals.net]
[Whether
it be speedily, rapid fire or soon is saying the same thing by and
large relative to temporal difficulties in ones mortal life.
Keep
this in mind, that at
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
[Robert L. Thomas]
Fulfillment of the predicted events at any moment was and remains the hope of the church.
John was not mistaken in this expectation.
[biblestudymanuals.net
The statement "Fulfillment
of the predicted events at any moment was and remains the hope of the
church. John was not mistaken in this expectation"
is not true for just any moment in time one considers oneself under
duress; but only for the precise moment
according to God's foreordination and decree as precisely presented in
Scripture. So
fulfillment of the predicted events of the commencement of the Day
of
the Lord can only be in the sense that those events perceived by
believers are precisely as God foreordained them to be as Scripture
stipulates: the commencement of the great and terrible Day of the Lord,
not something that is similar - even relatively comparable events in
the lives of the saints of the past and / or at the wrong time - but
not having the Rapture, Day of the Lord, Second Coming in view. On the
other hand it is not plausible that every believer would be able or
willing to determine whether or not certain impending events are
actual events that
God has foreordained as part of the believer's temporal life as opposed
to the commencement of the great and terrible Day
of the Lord, the Tribulation period, the Second Coming, etc. Note that
the Old Testament, especially prophecy on these matters was not always
readily available to all mankind, even in Judea or where Jews were
living in the world. On the other hand, what John's expectations or
anyone's might
have been which are not so stipulated in Scripture are not to be
speculated upon, nor validated as accurate, nor determined to be
mistaken
or allowed because of ones misinterpretation of events in ones time.
For God's sovereignty is absolute and error free, not needing to depend
upon any man's interpretation and thereby allow some wiggling room for
what He inspired for the writers of His Word to write down. And there
are plenty of passages in Scripture to study on this subject such as Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al]
Robert L. Thomas
Those
who think he [John] failed to recognize that the Apocalypse on occasion
computes time in relation to the divine apprehension, a standard that
differs from the strictly human approach.12 John simply presented the imminence of the events foretold without attempting to set a time deadline by which they must occur.
[biblestudymanuals.net
[At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
B) [Bible Knowledge Commentary On Rev 1:1]:
Revelation 1:1 (NASB)
1
"The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave Him to show to His
bond-servants, the things which must soon take place; and He sent and
communicated it by His angel to His bond-servant John,"
"1:1.
The opening words, The revelation of Jesus Christ, indicate the subject
of the entire book. The word "revelation" is a translation of the Greek
apokalypsis, meaning "an unveiling" or "a disclosure." From this word
comes the English "apocalypse." The revelation was given to John to
communicate to others, His servants, and it prophesies what must soon
take place, rather than relating a historic presentation as in the four
Gospels. The word "soon" (en tachei; cf. 2:16; 22:7, 12, 20) means that
the action will be sudden when it comes, not necessarily that it will
occur immediately. Once the end-time events begin, they will occur in
rapid succession (cf. Luke 18:8; Acts 12:7; 22:18; 25:4; Rom. 16:20).
The words, He made it known, are from the verb esēmanen, meaning
"to make known by signs or symbols," but the verb also includes
communication by words. The angel messenger is not named but some
believe he was Gabriel, who brought messages to Daniel, Mary, and
Zechariah (cf. Dan. 8:16; 9:21-22; Luke 1:26-31). The reference to John
as a servant (doulos, which normally means "slave") is the term used by
Paul, James, Peter, and Jude (cf. Rom. 1:1; Phil. 1:1; Titus 1:1; James
1:1; 2 Peter 1:1; Jude 1) in speaking of their positions as God's
servants."]
Robert L. Thomas
The same outlook applies in the message to Philadelphia: Christ presents
the imminence of His coming without setting a time limit for it to happen. It is an
event that could come at any moment, suddenly and unexpectedly.13 Its nearness
provides a motivation to be tenacious, because He will reward His own at that
time. Thus the faithful must hold fast "that no one take your crown" (3:11c).
[biblestudymanuals.net
[At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
Robert L. Thomas
Laodicea (3:20)
[biblestudymanuals.net
Rev 3:19 " 'Those whom I love, I reprove and discipline; therefore be zealous and repent.
20
'Behold, I stand at the door and knock; if anyone hears My voice and
opens the door, I will come in to him and will dine with him, and he
with Me.' "
Robert L. Thomas
The reference to Christ's return in the message to Laodicea comes in the
verb rendered "I will enter") in 3:20:
"Behold, I am standing at the door and knocking; if any hears My voice and opens the door, I
will enter to him and will eat supper with him, and he with Me."
C) [Bible Knowledge Commentary On Rev 3:20-21]:
[Rev 3:19-20 NASB]:
19 " 'Those whom I love, I reprove and discipline; therefore be zealous and repent.
20
'Behold, I stand at the door and knock; if anyone hears My voice and
opens the door, I will come in to him and will dine with him, and he
with Me.' "
"3:20-21.
Dramatically Christ pictured Himself as standing outside and knocking
on a door. In a familiar painting the latch is not shown but is assumed
to be on the inside. The appeal is for those who hear to open the door.
To them Christ promised, I will go in and eat with him, and he with Me.
With Christ on the outside, there can be no fellowship or genuine
wealth. With Christ on the inside, there is wonderful fellowship and
sharing of the marvelous grace of God. This was an appeal to Christians
rather than to non-Christians. This raises the important question
concerning the extent of one's intimate fellowship with Christ. To
those who respond, Christ promises to give the right to sit with Him on
His throne and share His victory."
Note:
that this passage cannot have the reception of eternal life in view, or
the Rapture or the Second Coming
because the appeal for attaining fellowship with God is not made to
unbelievers, nor is there an appeal to come join in the Rapture on a
case for case basis, or to bring judgment upon all unbelievers on the
face of the planet at that time. Furthermore, fellowship is a reward
and salvation unto
eternal life is a gift. Finally, the timing of this cannot be limited
to the Rapture or the Second Coming. For fellowship is available
at anytime to any who choose to believe in Christ and confess ones
sins. It is not restricted to the imminent arrival of the Day of the
Lord / the Tribulation period]
_______________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
Ephesus (2:5)
[biblestudymanuals.net.
Revelation 2:1-7 (NASB)
1
"To the angel of the church in Ephesus write: The One who holds the
seven stars in His right hand, the One who walks among the seven golden
lampstands, says this:
2 'I know your deeds and your toil
and perseverance, and that you cannot tolerate evil men, and you put to
the test those who call themselves apostles, and they are not, and you
found them to be false;
3 and you have perseverance and have endured for My name's sake, and have not grown weary.
4 'But I have this against you, that you have left your first love.
5
'Therefore remember from where you have fallen, and repent and do the
deeds you did at first; or else I am coming to you and will remove your
lampstand out of its place—unless you repent.
6 'Yet this you do have, that you hate the deeds of the Nicolaitans, which I also hate.
7
'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.
To him who overcomes, I will grant to eat of the tree of life which is
in the Paradise of God.' "]
Robert L. Thomas
The earliest threat of judgment against one of the Asian churches comes in
2:5, where the Lord warns the church at Ephesus, "Remember, therefore, whence
you have fallen, and repent and do the first works. But if not, I will come to you
and remove your lampstand from its place, unless you repent." He admonishes
this body to return to its first love (cf. 2:4), but if they choose not to do so, He
threatens to take severe action against the church. The nature of that severe action
is the issue to be resolved.
Wide opinion has it that it is a special coming in judgment to the Ephesian
_________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
22Revelation 3:20 has another possible explanation that draws upon the Semitic construction
explained
below in connection with 2:5. The sense of the verse would be, "Behold,
I am standing at the door and knocking; if any hears My voice and opens
the door, when I enter to him, I will eat supper with him, and he with
Me." This too points to an eschatological coming of Christ.
23E.g., Trench, Epistles, 279; Henry Alford, The Greek Testament (London: Longmans, Green, 1903)
4:592; Charles, Revelation 1:100; G. R. Beasley-Murray, The Book of Revelation, NCB (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1978) 107.
24Walvoord, Revelation 98; Johnson, "Revelation" 12:459.
25J. B. Smith, A Revelation of Jesus Christ (Scottdale, Pa.: Herald, 1961) 95; Beckwith, Apocalypse 491;
E. W. Bullinger, The Apocalypse or "The Day of the Lord" (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, n.d.) 208.
26Sweet, Revelation 64.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
church alone, a type of coming that supposedly fits the context more naturally.27
Lee notes that the threat applies to only one lampstand, not several or all seven.28
Mounce sees this understanding as more compatible with Christ's walking in the
midst of the churches.29 A reference to a special coming also coincides with the
meaning of 2:22, it is said,30 but the same debate exists there in the message to
Thyatira as exists here in the one to Ephesus. Caird prefers this explanation too,
pointing out that Christ does not speak of a worldwide crisis but a crisis of this
church privately.31
The "special coming" approach does not give adequate attention to the
book's broad context, however. If this were only a private coming to one church, it
would bear no relationship to the apocalyptic part of Revelation (4:1–22:5), which
is the heart of the twenty-two chapters.
[Underlining BSM] It also fails to notice the connection of the threat
with the theme verse of the book, 1:7, where the present tense of the
same
verb, eq \O(5,e) rxetai (erchetai, "He comes"), speaks of Christ's eschatological
coming. This verb repeatedly refers to Christ's return throughout the Apocalypse
(1:7; 2:16; 3:11; 16:15; 22:7, 12, 20).
[biblestudymanuals.net.
In
view in Rev 1:7 is Christ's Second coming at the end of the Tribulation
period when He will come with the clouds, and every eye will see Him,
even those who pierced Him [even those who were not contemporaries will
recognize Him somehow]; and all the tribes of the earth will mourn
over Him." Rev 1:7 does not have the
Rapture in view when He comes to rescue believers from the coming wrath
of that
Tribulation period THAT PRECEDED HIS SECOND COMING BY 7 YEARS as is stipulated in the message to the seven
churches properly interpreted in the passage and in other places in Scripture such as Rev
chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters
12-14; Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al ]
Robert L. Thomas
An
immediate visitation of preliminary judgment hardly does justice to the
technical eschatological sense the verb must carry in a book of this
nature. Aune perceives that this
and other words about negative aspects of the parousia in Revelation 2–3 signal a threat of imminent eschatological judgment.32
[biblestudymanuals.net
At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
Robert L. Thomas
Since references to Christ's second coming appear in the messages to Thyatira,
Philadelphia, and Laodicea already surveyed, the best course is to adopt the view
that this too is an eschatological coming, one to judge the rebellious, not to reward
the faithful, however.
[biblestudymanuals.net.
Should
events indicate that the tribulation / Day of the Lord is to
begin during
their time in history because it is the time for the Day of the
Lord to
begin then this will activate the imminency and thereby the quick /
sudden event of Christ's Rapture, nothing more and nothing less.
Thereafter events during the Tribulation period will occur as
stipulated in Scripture especially here: Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14; Ez 37:21-28;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al]
Robert L. Thomas
The
objection that Christ does not come personally to earth to inflict the
punishments detailed in Revelation 4 ff. overlooks the fact that
neither does He come personally to earth according to the
"special coming" explanation. Making this a reference to an eschatological coming
has the advantage over the "special coming" view, however, in that He does come
personally to earth to climax the judgments of the coming hour of trial at the battle
of Armageddon.
[biblestudymanuals.net
And
this "special coming" and related events are perfectly
corroborated in the sequence of and as specifically described
in scripture multiple times as in Rev
chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters
12-14; Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al.
Should
events according to Scripture (such as in Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14; Ez 37:21-28;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al), indicate to church age believers that the Tribulation / Day of the Lord is to
begin during
their time in history then this will activate the imminency of and thereby the quick /
sudden event of Christ's Rapture, nothing more and nothing less.
Thereafter events during the Tribulation period will occur as
stipulated in Scripture. Note that whatever situation is prevalent at the time for each believer
of any age, whether or not it is the actual imminent approach of the
Day of the Lord / the Tribulation Period, the believer's perseverance is commanded
and will be rewarded commensurately at the Judgment Seat of Christ when they are raptured from the earth to heaven .
[At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
Robert L. Thomas
Connecting the threat with Christ's second advent raises another issue,
however. Because failure to repent apparently triggers this coming for judgment,
as it does the ones in 2:16 and 3:3, how could it refer to the parousia? The
observation that it is inaccurate to have the return of Christ depend on man's
refusal to repent is the principal reason that some do not refer this to eschatological
_________________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
27Beasley-Murray, Revelation 75.
28Lee, "Revelation" 4:517.
29Mounce, Revelation 89.
30Beckwith, Apocalypse 450.
31G. V. Caird, A Commentary on the Revelation of St. John the Divine, HNTC (New York: Harper &
Row, 1966) 32.
32David E. Aune, "The Form and Function of the Proclamations to the Seven Churches
[Revelation 2 - 3]," NTS 36/2 (April 1990):192.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
judgment.33 One possible way of averting the difficulty is to view this as a return
only to remove the lampstand - i.e., the church and its testimony - and not as a
return of Christ per se. Yet to ignore the consequences of Christ's advent for
individual people, as this explanation does, is impossible in light of His clear statement.
Christ's coming is unconditional in 2:25 and 3:11, so it must be here too. A
special grammatical feature of 2:5 makes it possible to interpret the coming the
same in this case. Matthew 18:21b illustrates the construction of 2:5, one that
accords with a Semitic model.34 The literal rendering is, "Lord, how often shall my
brother sin against me and will I forgive him?" The sense of the verse is obvious:
"How often, when my brother sins against me, will I forgive him?" Another
illustration of parataxis with subordination is Luke 14:5b, whose literal rendering
is, "A son or ox of which of you will fall into a pit, and will he not immediately
snatch him up on the day of the Sabbath?" Rendered in a smoother English sense,
this becomes, "Which of you having a son or an ox, when he falls into a pit, will not
immediately snatch him up on the day of the Sabbath?" John 7:34a furnishes
another example: the literal "Seek Me and you will not find Me" means "When you
seek Me, you will not find Me." Again in John 10:12b, the literal is, "He beholds the
wolf coming and leaves the sheep and flees," but the meaning is, "When he beholds
the wolf coming, he leaves the sheep and flees." This type of construction is well
established in the NT.
Applying the same principle in Rev 2:5b yields the following: the literal is,
"But if you do not, I will come and remove your lampstand from its place, unless
you repent," but the sense is, "If you do not, when I come, I will remove your
lampstand, if you shall not have repented before that coming, [whenever it
happens]."35 This rendering does justice to the book's acknowledged emphasis on
the imminence of Christ's return without conditioning it on the nonrepentance of
the Ephesian church. The threat to this congregation lay in the possibility that He
might come while they were alive and catch them in a state of nonrepentance. So
they needed to comply immediately.
What is the threatened removal of the lampstand? Is it a special judgment
in destroying the whole city and closing its harbor, as eventually happened to
Ephesus?36 This identification is problematic because the threat was to the church
within the city and not to the whole city.
Another possibility is that the threat was the removal of the church's
testimony, the symbolic meaning of a lampstand. A church can remain while its
testimony disappears.37 Without its first love, a church is without a testimony.38
_____________________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
33 E.g., Caird, Revelation 32.
34 Nigel Turner, Syntax, vol. 3 of A Grammar of New Testament Greek (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark,
1963) 342.
35 Sweet, Revelation 82; Beckwith, Apocalypse 450.
36 Cf. Smith, Revelation 64; Walvoord, Revelation 57-58.
37 Beasley-Murray, Revelation 75; Caird, Revelation 32
_______________________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
That had in fact already happened in Ephesus, but this occurred without an act of
divine judgment, so removal of the lampstand must be more than this.
The added dimension of judgment can come through the tribulation
accompanying Christ's return. He will cast the unsaved remnant of the church into
the end-time hour of trial at the same time He delivers the saved remnant into His
own presence. After deliverance of the saved, the church on earth at Ephesus will
be without a single person who has a genuine relationship to Christ. A loss of
testimony - i.e., the removal of the lampstand - is inevitable in that situation. This
potentiality offers the fullest and best explanation of what Christ meant by His
threat to remove the lampstand of Ephesus from its place.
[biblestudymanuals.net.
Note that whatever situation is prevalent at the time for each believer
of any age, whether or not it is the actual imminent approach of the
Day of the Lord / the Tribulation Period, the believer's perseverance is commanded
and will be rewarded commensurately at the Judgment Seat of Christ . This includes discipline for not repenting - in the temporal moments, not waiting for Christ's return.
Robert L. Thomas
Pergamum (2:16)
The Lord speaks of His coming to judge Pergamum in 2:16: "Repent
therefore; but if not, I will come to you soon, and will make war against them [i.e.,
those holding the teaching of the Nicolaitans] with the sword of My mouth."
Repentance is the only reasonable response to an awareness of Christ's hatred for
the teachings of Balaam and the Nicolaitans. The church in Pergamum was guilty
of tolerating teachings that Christ could not, so it was urgent for them to repent.
Failure to do so would bring punishment, the same threat issued to the
Ephesian church. Did this punishment come in the form of pestilence or physical
calamity as it did to Balaam (Num 22:23, 31; 25:5; 31:8)? Obviously the Balaamites
and the Nicolaitans are no more and have left no records or institutions behind
them.39 Some interpreters see the threat's consequences that way.
But such an understanding falls short of Revelation's emphasis on the
second coming of Christ and the use of eq \O(5,e) rxomai (erchomai, "I will
come")ADVANCE \R 2.15 - the verb used here - to speak of that coming. The
presence of the adverb tax eq \O(/,y) (tachy, "soon") - the soonness found also in 1:1
and 3:11 as discussed above - fuels the case for seeing a reference to Christ's
imminent return. Christ's words, "[I] will make war against them with the sword
of My mouth," are further evidence that this refers to His eschatological return to
judge the wicked, not to a special coming to this church alone. That is the
language of Rev 19:11-15, especially v. 15, which speaks of Christ's triumphant
return to earth. Correspondence with that passage shows that this church will be
on
the wrong side at that final moment of truth, unless they repent.40 For
the first century readers, "I will come" indicated Christ was talking
about His second or
final advent.41
[biblestudymanuals.net.
Note that whatever situation is prevalent at the time for each believer
of any age, whether or not it is the actual imminent approach of the
Day of the Lord / the Tribulation Period, the believer's perseverance is commanded
and will be rewarded commensurately .
The lang uage here does not necessarily demand the Rapture or the
Second Coming or anything in between re: the 7 year Tribulation period]
Robert L. Thomas
The apparent problem with this meaning is the same as it is with the church
in Ephesus, that of conditioning the return of Christ on the nonrepentance of the
_______________________________________________________________________________
38Beckwith, Apocalypse 450.
39Hailey, Revelation 133.
40Charles, Revelation 1:65; Sweet, Revelation 90.
41Mounce, Revelation 99.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
Pergamum church. Application of the explanation offered above in connection
with the Ephesian message yields the following sense here: "Repent therefore;
otherwise [i.e., if you shall not have repented beforehand], when I come to you soon, I
will make war against them with sword of My mouth."
The thrust of tachy must be that of imminence, not swiftness. The latter
notion makes little sense in conjunction with victory in battle, which is the
terminology in 2:16. Swiftness of action is meaningful only in connection with a
series of events. Christ's victory at His second advent to earth will not be a
prolonged war.
The objects of the threatened judgment must include the whole church,
because the call to repentance addresses them. The soi (soi, "to you") earlier in v. 16
is singular, referring to the messenger from Pergamum. Since the messenger is
representative of the church corporately, the whole church is culpable because of
its tolerance of the Nicolaitan doctrine.42 The Balaamites and the Nicolaitans were
guilty because of wrong doctrine, but the rest of the church because of its leniency
in dealing with the promoters of that doctrine.
[biblestudymanuals.net
[At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
Robert L. Thomas
Sardis (3:3)
In 3:3, Christ admonishes the church at Sardis, "Remember therefore how
you have received and heard, and keep [strengthening what remains], and repent.
If therefore you do not watch, I will come as a thief, and you will in no way know
what hour I will come upon you." Two "therefore" (o eq \O(=,y)n, oun) divide the
verse into two parts, the first half being a gracious call to solve the church's
problem of stagnancy and the second a threat predicated on an assumption that
the church will not accept the remedy.
The remedy consisted of a motivation kindled by focusing on their spiritual
heritage from the past, earnest attention to strengthening their leftover vitality, and
repentance over and turning away from their spiritual lethargy. In some respects,
their plight resembled that of the church at Ephesus (cf. 2:5). They needed to recall
their former outlook and achievements and do an immediate about-face in order to
return to that condition.
Their probable failure to do so, however, would bring on the dreaded
prospects of Christ's return. Their refusal to "watch" or "wake up"43 from their
spiritual sleep of death (cf. 3:2) exposed them to the possible surprise coming of the
Lord during their lifetime. Their present evil state was so hopeless that the speaker
held little anticipation that they would turn back.44
In this instance the verb speaking of Christ's coming is eq \O(,h) jv (h eq
\O(~,e)x eq \O(~,o), "I will come), the same verb and spelling as the word used in
______________________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
42Beckwith, Apocalypse 460.
43Robertson correctly calls grhgor/hs:hw (gr~egor~es~|es, "you wake up") an ingressive aorist (Word
Pictures 6:314).
44Alford, Greek Testament 4:580.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
2:25 for His coming, though the sentence structure requires understanding a future
indicative here as compared with an aorist subjunctive there.45 Two
interpretations of the nature of this coming align with the two ways commentators
have identified the coming to judge the Ephesian church. Though they
acknowledge that coming as a thief usually applies to Christ's second advent, one
group sees here a partial and special advent for judgment of a single church.46 In
support of this approach, Beasley-Murray cites Rev 3:20 as another case where
parousia language refers to the present experience of Christians.47 Discussion
above, however, has clarified why 3:20 speaks primarily of the second advent, not
of present Christian experience.
A further weakness in taking 3:3 to be a special coming is the lack of any
particular consequences if this were Christ's coming to a single church. The other
two possible references to special comings - 2:5, 16ADVANCE \R 2.15 - give the
results of removal of a lampstand and warfare with the sword of Christ's mouth.
The speaker gives no such eventuality here, however.
The implied effect is punishment for disloyalty at the second coming, a
factor that supports a second way to understand the coming in 3:3. Apparently the
major sin at Sardis was inattention to the Lord's return.48 The simile of coming as a
thief finds exclusive use elsewhere in the NT in reference to Christ's second advent
(cf. Matt 24:43; Luke 12:39; 1 Thess 5:2; 2 Pet 3:10; Rev 16:15).49 Four other NT
writers use the figure this way: Matthew, Luke, Paul, and Peter. The threat in Rev
3:3 is closest to Paul's instruction to Thessalonica when he predicts the coming of
the day of the Lord as a thief upon those unprepared for His coming.50 The urgent
call for repentance in Revelation 2–3 arises from the prospect of an imminent end.51
"Coming-as-a-thief" terminology was the language of Jesus Himself in instructing
the twelve to watch for His return.52 John shared the prevailing belief of the early
church that Christ would return imminently.53 The Sardians in particular needed
to heed the possible negative outcome of that return by reversing their lethargic
posture.
[biblestudymanuals.net
[At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
_________________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
45 The spelling of the future active indicative, first person singular, is the same as the aorist active
subjunctive, first person singular, for this verb.
46E.g., Alford, Greek Testament 4:581; Lee, "Revelation" 4:537; Beasley-Murray, Revelation 97.
47Beasley-Murray, Revelation 97.
48Trench, Seven Churches 170-71; Charles, Revelation 1:81; Robert Govett, The Apocalypse Expounded by Scripture (London: Charles J. Thynne, 1920) 67.
49Beckwith, Apocalypse 474; Robertson, Word Pictures 6:314.
50Bullinger, Apocalypse 192-94.
51Behm, "no3ev, no;yw, etc.," in TDNT 4:1004.
52Charles, Revelation 1:79.
53Caird, Revelation 49.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
Regarding this threat as they do others (2:5, 16, 22), some object to seeing an
eschatological coming of Christ because Christ conditions the coming on
nonrepentance in one city.54 The objection is formidable, but not insurmountable.
Following the pattern of the two earlier threats to Ephesus and Pergamum, the
sense of 3:3b is, "If you do not wake up, when I shall come as a thief, you will in no
way know at what hour I will come to you." The timing is not dependent on one
city's response.
[biblestudymanuals.net/election.htm
[At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view Thes 2:1-12; Ze. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14; Ez 37:21-28;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance in temporal time from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
Robert L. Thomas
The timing of Christ's return depends solely on the Father's determination
[Emphasis underlining mine / BSM]
(Acts 1:7).
Acts 1:7 (NASB)
7 He said to them, "It is not for you to know times or epochs which the Father has fixed by His own authority;"
But from man's perspective, the NT anticipates the alignment of three
prerequisites for that return to occur. One is the national repentance of Israel (Acts
3:19-21).
[biblestudymanuals.net/new_covenant.htm
If
the word repentance in this passage means for all of a generation of
Israelites to change their minds from not believing unto believing
Jesus Christ for forgiveness of sins unto eternal life
Robert L. Thomas
That repentance and Christ's return to earth will follow shortly after the
meeting of another condition, the completion of the body of Christ (Rom 11:25-26).
The third human factor determinative of the second advent's timing relates to the
remaining segment of humanity, the Gentiles (cf. 1 Cor 10:32). The degeneracy of
the Gentile world will reach a point that God can no longer tolerate, as occurred in
the days of Noah (Gen 6:3, 5-7). One measure of Gentile degeneracy is the
worsening moral condition of the professing Christian church as it inevitably
absorbs the influence of its surrounding culture. Sleeping Sardian church people
reflect the developing moral failure of their home city and the world as a whole.
[You
must take this passage on the seven churches AS TEMPORAL not with a
purview of the Tribulation Period, Rapture, Second Coming, etc.]
Indifference to God will eventually reach a point that Christ will return for
judgment, a judgment that will have the unrepentant at Sardis as its object too.
[You
must take this passage on the seven churches AS TEMPORAL not with a
purview of the Tribulation Period, Rapture, Second Coming, etc.
Furthermore, Christ is not coming in His Second Coming to judge
Christians. They have already been raptured and taken back in their
resurrection bodies to heaven and attended the Judgment Seat of Christ
and are going to come back to earth with Jesus Christ in His Second
Coming. Finally, all believers from faithful to unfaithful to
unrepentant are nevertheless believers, children of God, born of God
and destined to heaven no matter what they think, say and do in their
conduct as believers in their mortal bodies]
The Lord reinforces His lesson on unexpectedness in the last words of 3:3:
"you will in no way know what hour I will come upon you."
[You
must take this passage on the seven churches AS TEMPORAL not with a
purview of the Tribulation Period, Rapture, Second Coming, etc. Furthermore,
Christ is not coming in His Second Coming to judge Christians. They
have already been raptured and taken back in their resurrection bodies
to heaven and attended the Judgment Seat of Christ and are going to
come back to earth with Jesus Christ in His Second Coming. Finally, all
believers from faithful to unfaithful to unrepentant are nevertheless
believers, children of God, born of God and destined to heaven no
matter what they think, say and do in their conduct as believers in
their mortal bodies]
No one can pinpoint the time of His return,
[Which return? Rapture or Second Coming]
so
it will catch everyone by surprise. The citizens of Sardis whose
topological situation presumably rendered the city impregnable to enemy
attacks realized well what it meant to fall victim to a surprise
attack. Twice in the city's history opponents had captured the city
while inhabitants were complacent in dependence on their supposed
invincibility. By their spiritual lethargy, Sardian "Christians" had
made Christ their enemy and were now in danger of falling
victim to His surprise coming.
[At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
You
must take this passage on the seven churches AS TEMPORAL not with a
purview of the Tribulation Period, Rapture, Second Coming, etc.]
Robert L. Thomas
John
uses the same figure of a thief in 16:15 to reiterate a truth he had
heard Christ teach at least twice many years before (Matt 24:42-43;
Luke 12:39). This time, however, its application was to a people who
had ignored His earlier lessons on watchfulness,
[biblestudymanuals.net/election.htm
Revelation 16:15 (NASB)
15
("Behold, I am coming like a thief. Blessed is the one who stays awake
and keeps his clothes, so that he will not walk about naked and men
will not see his shame.")
Matthew 24:34-43 (NASB)
34 "Truly I say to you, this generation will not pass away until all these things take place.
35 "Heaven and earth will pass away, but My words will not pass away.
36 "But of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father alone.
37 "For the coming of the Son of Man will be just like the days of Noah.
38
"For as in those days before the flood they were eating and drinking,
marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah entered the
ark,
39 and they did not understand until the flood came and took them all away; so will the coming of the Son of Man be.
40 "Then there will be two men in the field; one will be taken and one will be left.
41 "Two women will be grinding at the mill; one will be taken and one will be left.
42 "Therefore be on the alert, for you do not know which day your Lord is coming.
43
"But be sure of this, that if the head of the house had known at what
time of the night the thief was coming, he would have been on the alert
and would not have allowed his house to be broken into.
Matthew 24:34-43 (NASB)
34 "Truly I say to you, this generation will not pass away until all these things take place.
35 "Heaven and earth will pass away, but My words will not pass away.
36 "But of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father alone.
37 "For the coming of the Son of Man will be just like the days of Noah.
38
"For as in those days before the flood they were eating and drinking,
marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah entered the
ark,
39 and they did not understand until the flood came and took them all away; so will the coming of the Son of Man be.
40 "Then there will be two men in the field; one will be taken and one will be left.
41 "Two women will be grinding at the mill; one will be taken and one will be left.
42 "Therefore be on the alert, for you do not know which day your Lord is coming.
43
"But be sure of this, that if the head of the house had known at what
time of the night the thief was coming, he would have been on the alert
and would not have allowed his house to be broken into.
[At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
Robert L. Thomas
IMPLICATIONS OF THE 'COMINGS'
FOR THE TIME OF THE RAPTURE
Robert L. Thomas
An investigation of the 'comings' of Christ in Revelation 2–3 has shown
them to be of two types, one a coming for deliverance and the other a coming for
judgment. The common feature of the two is that both 'comings' are imminent.
They could occur at any moment to implement the anticipated results for the
designated objects.
__________________________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
54 E.g., Caird, Revelation 49; George E. Ladd, A Commentary on the Revelation of John (Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1972) 57; Leon Morris, The Revelation of St. John, TNT (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1969),
76; Mounce, Revelation 111
______________________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
The only way that both 'comings' can be imminent is for them to occur
simultaneously. If either one preceded the other, the second would not be
impending because occurrence of the other would have to come first, furnishing a
forewarning of the second. The necessity of such a precursor would remove the
latter 'coming' from the category of imminency.
[As
previously established these comings, be they for deliverance or
judgment are TEMPORAL. Not in view is the Second Coming, Rapture, Day
of the Lord, Milennial Rule, Eternity Future]
Robert L. Thomas
If the coming of Christ to impose the punishments of Daniel's seventieth
week55 on the disloyal were to precede His coming to deliver the faithful, He could
not have characterized His coming for deliverance as being "soon." Another
predicted event had to happen before that deliverance, so it would not have been
impending.
Conversely, if the coming of Christ to provide deliverance were to precede
His coming to impose punishments, He could not have described His coming to
chastise as being "soon." In this case, His retributive coming would not have been
imminent, but He says it is impending at least three times in these seven messages.
That means that Christ allowed for no time between His coming to catch
away the church to be with Himself and the beginning of Daniel's seventieth week.
To postulate a period between the rapture of the church and the seventieth week,
during which ten nations must unite,56 during which will occur the regathering of
Israel, the emergence of a great world ruler, rebuilding of the temple in Jerusalem,
and a covenant of peace with Israel,57 or during which some other events must
happen, runs counter to the joint imminence of these two future happenings.
Exegetical conclusions must override whatever theological necessities seem to
demand. Examinations of passages relevant to the 'comings' of Christ in
Revelation 2–3 have dictated that the two come simultaneously.
Ryrie's opinion is that the Scriptures are noncommittal regarding the issue
of whether or not there is a time gap between the rapture and the seventieth week:
Though I believe that the Rapture precedes the beginning of the Tribulation,
actually nothing is said in the Scriptures as to whether or not some time (or
__________________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
55 For an analysis to demonstrate that the plagues of Revelation 4 ff. are events of Daniel's
seventieth
week, see John A. McLean, "The Seventieth Week of Daniel 9:27 as a
Literary Key for Understanding the Structure of the Apocalypse of John"
(unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor,
Michigan, 1990).
56Cf. John F. Walvoord, The Prophecy
Knowledge Handbook (Wheaton, Ill.: Victor, 1990) 485; cf. ibid., 487,
where Walvoord writes, "The ten-nation kingdom must be formed in the
final seven years before the Second Coming." The diagram of the day of
the Lord on 485 clarifies what he apparently intends by this statement:
the day of the Lord begins simultaneously with the rapture, but
includes an undefined period after the rapture and before Daniel's
seventieth week during which the forming of the ten-nation kingdom will
occur. See also his statement, "The time period [i.e., the day of the
Lord] begins at the rapture, but major events do not come immediately.
However, if the DOL has progressed very far, there will be unmistakable
signs that they are in the DOL" (ibid., 492).
57Cf. Renald E. Showers, Maranatha, Our Lord Come! (Bellmawr, N. J.: The Friends of Israel, 1995)
61. Showers, unlike Walvoord (see n. 55), sees the day of the Lord and the seventieth week
beginning
simultaneously (ibid., 63), but has the rapture occurring at an earlier
time because it is not part of the day of the Lord (ibid., 59).
__________________________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
how much time) may elapse between the Rapture and the beginning of the
Tribulation.58
Exegetical results of this study indicate otherwise, however. For both deliverance
and judgement to be imminent, the rapture of the church must be simultaneous
with the beginning of Daniel's seventieth week.59
[biblestudymanuals.net
Here is the passage on Daniel's 70th week:
Daniel 9:24-27 (NASB)
24
"Seventy weeks have been decreed for your people and your holy city, to
finish the transgression, to make an end of sin, to make atonement for
iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and
prophecy and to anoint the most holy place.
25
"So you are to know and discern that from the issuing of a decree to
restore and rebuild Jerusalem until Messiah the Prince there will be
seven weeks and sixty-two weeks; it will be built again, with plaza and
moat, even in times of distress.
26
"Then after the sixty-two weeks the Messiah will be cut off and have
nothing, and the people of the prince who is to come will destroy the
city and the sanctuary. And its end will come with a flood; even to the
end there will be war; desolations are determined.
27
"And he will make a firm covenant with the many for one week, but in
the middle of the week he will put a stop to sacrifice and grain
offering; and on the wing of abominations will come one who makes
desolate, even until a complete destruction, one that is decreed,
is poured out on the one who makes desolate."
[At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
_______________________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
58 Charles C. Ryrie, Basic Theology (Wheaton, Ill.: Victor, 1986) 465. In essence Grant R. Jeffrey
agrees with Ryrie on this issue: "There may be an interval of time, however small, between the
Rapture
and the signing of the seven-year treaty with Israel. Whether this
interval occupies a few days, months or years, it must be short because
God will not leave the earth without a witness to His truth"
(Apocalypse, the Coming Judgment of the Nations [Toronto: Frontier
Research, 1992] 125).
59Jeffrey L. Townsend concurs in his comments on Rev 3:10: "Both the coming of the hour [of
testing] and the coming of the Lord are imminent. . . . There will be preservation outside the
imminent hour of testing for the Philadelphian church when the Lord comes" ("The Rapture in
Revelation 3:10," When the Trumpet Sounds, eds. Thomas Ice and Timothy Demy [Eugene, Ore.: Harvest House, 1995] 377).
INDIRECT REFERENCES TO CHRIST'S `COMINGS'
Robert L. Thomas
Consideration of indirect references to Christ's return in the seven messages
will throw further light on the timing of the 'comings.' The three less direct
references to Christ's coming are, in the order of discussion, 3:10, 2:22, and 3:16.
[These are temporal]
The Hour of Trial, 3:10
[biblestudymanuals.net
Revelation 3:10 (NASB)
10
'Because you have kept the word of My perseverance, I also will keep
you from the hour of testing, that hour which is about to come upon the
whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth.']
Robert L. Thomas
Pretribulationists have often cited Revelation 3:10 as one of the strongest
evidences for Christ's coming to remove the church before Daniel's seventieth
week, and rightly so: "because you have kept the word of My endurance, I will
also keep you from the hour of trial that is about to come upon the whole inhabited
earth, to try those who dwell upon the earth."
Yet the verse does not explicitly speak of the rapture so much as it tells of
the church's preservation at a location away from the scene of earthly tribulation
during that period.60 Though it contains no explicit reference to the church's
removal from the earth, the inevitable conclusion is that the only way all members
of the body of Christ, of which the Philadelphian church is representative, can
receive that protection from the scene of plagues detailed later in Revelation is to
experience that deliverance prior to the beginning of those plagues.
The passage does refer to a coming of Christ in an indirect way, however,
His coming to inflict wrath on a rebellious world. The Lord tells of "the hour of
trial that is about to come upon the whole inhabited earth, to try those who dwell
upon the earth." Christ's word in Rev 16:15 to all the churches - not just to a single
church - is that His coming is a coming in judgment: "Behold I come as a thief.
Blessed is the one who watches and keeps his garments, that he not walk naked
and they see his shame." This "beatitude" carries overtones of His warnings to
Sardis and Laodicea (3:3, 18) in that failure to watch and keep one's garments will
result in unparalleled misery and utter hopelessness for those who find themselves
objects of the seven last plagues. If the coming of Christ is a coming to inflict
temporal wrath as the previous discussion has outlined, the coming of that "hour
of trial" is identical with the judgmental coming of Christ.
Common agreement identifies "the hour of trial" with the period of seals,
trumpets, and bowls delineated in Revelation 4:1–22:5. This is not merely a local
time of troubling the community at Philadelphia. It will encompass "the whole
inhabited earth" (t eq \O(;,h)w o eq \O(1,i)koym eq \O(3,e)nhw eq \O(6,o) lhw, t eq \O(~,e)s
oikoumen eq \O(~,e)s hol eq \O(~,e)s) and will have as its objects "those who dwell
upon the earth," an expression that throughout Revelation refers to earthlings in
rebellion against God.61 Moffatt calls the period the "broken days which in
eschatological schemes was to herald the Messiah's return."62 It is a time of distress
________________________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
60 Thomas, 1 - 7 283-88.
61Hort, Apocalypse 35; Ladd, Revelation 62; Johnson, "Revelation" 12:454. Cf. Rev 6:10; 8:13; 11:10
[twice]; 13:8, 12, 14 [twice]; 17:2, 8.
62Moffatt, "Revelation" 5:368.
________________________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
in the world before the coming of Christ, a period variously known as the day of
the Lord, the tribulation, or the great tribulation, in part (cf. Dan 12:1; Joel 2:31;
Mark 13:14; 2 Thess 2:1-12; Rev 7:14; 14:7). The divine purpose behind the trials of
this period is to test the wicked, either to lead them to repentance or to punish
them for failing to repent.63
Robert L. Thomas
The deliverance promised to the Philadelphian church pertained not only to
their immediate Jewish persecutors, but also to the heathen world in general. The
period of tribulation will immediately precede the coming of the Lord to the earth
(cf. Matt 24:29-30).
[Mt 24:2; 24:29-30 is the Tribulation period not the temporal situation within the Church
at
Philadelphia. For the believers at the Church at Philadelphia have
already died and are present with the Lord and nearly 2000 years have
passed and still no sign of the Tribulation Period, hence no Rapture
either]
Robert L. Thomas
Since the generation of Christians to whom Jesus originally
addressed these words has now passed from the earthly scene, Philadelphia must
represent not only the other six churches of Asia but also the body of Christ
worldwide throughout the present age.64
The important thing eq \O(;,h)w mello eq \O(/,y)shw (t eq \O(~,e)s mellous eq \O(~,e)s,
rendered "which is about to") fixes the timing of this hour's arrival. It was an hour that was
getting closer every moment, one that could begin at any moment.65 The term
relates closely to the words of Rev 1:1, eq \O(,a) de eq \O(@,i) gen eq \O(3,e)suai eq
\O(1,e) n t eq \O(/,a)xei (ha dei genesthai en tachei, "things that must happen soon"), and
to eq \O(5,e) rxomai tax eq \O(/,y) (erchomai tachy, "I will come soon"} in 2:16 and 3:11.
Christ's coming to impose trials on a rebellious world is impending just as is His
coming
to accomplish deliverance for the faithful.
The context of Rev 3:10 is further verification of the imminent nature of
these two happenings. His immediately ensuing word to this church in 3:11 - "I
will come soon" - is implicit evidence that His coming to deliver will coincide with
His coming to judge.
[biblestudymanuals.net]:
Revelation 3:7-13 (NASB)
7
"And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write: He who is holy,
who is true, who has the key of David, who opens and no one will shut,
and who shuts and no one opens, says this:
8 'I know your
deeds. Behold, I have put before you an open door which no one can
shut, because you have a little power, and have kept My word, and have
not denied My name.
9 'Behold, I will cause those of the
synagogue of Satan, who say that they are Jews and are not, but lie - I
will make them come and bow down at your feet, and make them know that
I have loved you.
10 'Because you have kept the word of My
perseverance, I also will keep you from the hour of testing, that hour
which is about to come upon the whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth.
11 'I am coming quickly; hold fast what you have, so that no one will take your crown.
12
'He who overcomes, I will make him a pillar in the temple of My God,
and he will not go out from it anymore; and I will write on him the
name of My God, and the name of the city of My God, the new Jerusalem,
which comes down out of heaven from My God, and My new name.
13 'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.'
Great Tribulation, 2:22
[biblestudymanuals.net
Revelation 2:22 (NASB) Thyatira
22
'Behold, I will throw her [Jezebel] on a bed of sickness, and those who commit
adultery with her into great tribulation, unless they repent of her
deeds.
(Rev 2:24 NASB) "
'But I say to you, the rest who are in Thyatira, who do not hold this
teaching, who have not known the deep things of Satan, as they call
them - I place no other burden on you."
This was evidently
a unique protection for them in their temporal lives - the Rapture not
being in view in this context because the world conditions since the
first century never reached to the point of escalation that would then
indicate the imminency of the Rapture & Tribulation Period.
Nevertheless all believers are given protection / salvation /
deliverance from temporal difficulties, i.e., temporal salvation / deliverance each in accordance with the sovereignty of God.]
Robert L. Thomas
A second indirect reference to Christ's coming appears in 2:22: "Behold, I
am casting her into a bed, and those who commit adultery with her into great
tribulation, if they do not repent of her works." The leading offender in this
context is Jezebel who "teaches and deceives My slaves to commit fornication and
to eat things sacrificed to idols" (2:20) and who has refused her divinely permitted
opportunity to repent (2:21).
[biblestudymanuals.net
Revelation 2:18-29 (NASB)
18
"And to the angel of the church in Thyatira write: The Son of God, who
has eyes like a flame of fire, and His feet are like burnished bronze,
says this:
19 'I know your deeds, and your love and faith
and service and perseverance, and that your deeds of late are greater
than at first.
20 'But I have this against you, that you
tolerate the woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess, and she
teaches and leads My bond-servants astray so that they commit acts of
immorality and eat things sacrificed to idols.
21 'I gave her time to repent, and she does not want to repent of her immorality.
22 'Behold,
I will throw her on a bed of sickness, and those who commit adultery
with her into great tribulation, unless they repent of her deeds.
23
'And I will kill her children with pestilence, and all the churches
will know that I am He who searches the minds and hearts; and I will
give to each one of you according to your deeds.
24 'But I
say to you, the rest who are in Thyatira, who do not hold this
teaching, who have not known the deep things of Satan, as they call
them — I place no other burden on you.
25 'Nevertheless what you have, hold fast until I come.
26 'He who overcomes, and he who keeps My deeds until the end, TO HIM I WILL GIVE AUTHORITY OVER THE NATIONS;
27
AND HE SHALL RULE THEM WITH A ROD OF IRON, AS THE VESSELS OF THE POTTER
ARE BROKEN TO PIECES, as I also have received authority from My Father;
28 and I will give him the morning star.
29 'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.']
Robert L. Thomas
Christ predicts that He will cast her into a bed because of her
nonrepentance. Though suggested meanings of the bed have varied from hell to a
sickbed to physical death, the higher probability is that it is figurative language for
the period of eschatological tribulation described after chapter 4 of this book.
Similar anticipations extended to the churches at Ephesus (2:5) and Pergamum
(2:16) provide some of the rationale for this understanding as does a later word to
____________________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
63 Alford, Greek Testament 4:586; Beckwith, Apocalypse 483; Johnson, "Revelation" 12:454.
64Smith, Revelation 88.
65Swete, Apocalypse 55; Walter Scott, Exposition of the Revelation of Jesus Christ (Swengel, Pa.: Bible Truth Depot, n.d.) 105; Townsend, "The Rapture in Revelation 3:10" 377
________________________________________________________________________________
Robert L. Thomas
this same church about the Lord's eschatological coming to deliver the faithful
(2:25). The strongest support for referring the bed to eschatological trials prior to
Christ's return to earth comes in its paralleling with ul eq \O(@,i)cin meg eq \O(/,a)lhn
(thlipsin megal eq \O(~,e)n, "great tribulation") in 2:22, an expression referring to
eschatological trials in 7:14.
"Great tribulation" is the promised destiny of Jezebel's followers, so it is
probable that her fate will be the same. "Tribulation" (ul eq \O(3,i)ciw, thlipsis) is
sometimes a general word for a severe judgment of suffering,66 but several
considerations make probable its reference to eschatological tribulation. The
adjective "great" suggests a reference to the tribulation of the last days.67 The use
of the same expression in 7:14 to refer to the period immediately preceding the
second advent is further indication of this meaning.68 Jesus' use of identical
phraseology in Matt 24:21 to depict that future period provides further reason for
believing this to designate part of "the hour of trial" spoken of in the Philadelphian
message. After all, the encouragement to the faithful in 2:25 comes from
contemplating Christ's imminent coming for deliverance; why should not the
threat to the unfaithful draw upon His related coming to judge the wicked? In
view of the detailed description of this period in the main body of the Apocalypse
(Rev 4:1–22:5), it is sound to conclude that the threat to unrepentant Jezebel's
followers (and Jezebel) was that of having to experience the horrors of
eschatological great tribulation.
[biblestudymanuals.net]
Not
necessarily eschatological but it is temporal because the worldwide scenario
is not in the context of this passage. Christ evidently implemented the
solution for what was going on in the church at Thyatira
in the temporal time - the first century - and not within the purview of the
worldwide / earthwide Rapture, Day of the Lord, Tribulation Period
which will evidently occur centuries later. It was a temporal, local
great tribulation upon Jezebel and her followers not a worldwide one.
So Christ delivered the church believers at Thyatira from their
tribulation - local tribulation. Remember that deliverance from the
Great Tribulation will not come when Christ comes again to put sickness
upon Jezebel and her followers 2000+ years later in His Second Coming.
Christ's solution to deliverance of the church from the Great
Tribulation / the Day of the Lord is the Rapture
not local sickness inflicted upon Jezebel and her followers who have
been long dead since the first century and we still do not have the
beginning of the Day of the Lord]
Note the phrase in Rev 2:22 rendered "
'Behold, I will throw her on a bed of sickness, and those who commit
adultery with her into great tribulation, unless they repent of her
deeds.' " where the Greek word "eis" is to be correctly
rendered "into great tribulation" does not have to always refer to the
Great Tribulation of the Day of the Lord. For there is NO
definite
article in the Greek text to demand this in Rev 2:22, nor are there any
words to describe a worldwide devastating tribulation such as
stipulated in Rev chapters 4-22.
Furthermore,
the context does not corroborate the Day of the Lord having come with
worldwide effect, not just one effect on the church in Thyatira.
At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to temporal difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
Robert L. Thomas
So in a slightly different manner, motivation stemming from an imminent
danger to the unfaithful in Thyatira accompanies the incentive of an imminent
deliverance for the faithful, just as is in the message to Philadelphia. Does this
same combination appear in the message to Laodicea?
[biblestudymanuals.net
Believers who are
often subjected to temporal difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
Robert L. Thomas
Regurgitation, 3:16
[biblestudymanuals.net]:
[Revelation 3:14-22 NASB]:
14
"To the angel of the church in Laodicea write: The Amen, the faithful
and true Witness, the Beginning of the creation of God, says this:
15 'I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot; I wish that you were cold or hot.
16 'So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit [lit., vomit] you out of My mouth.
17
'Because you say, "I am rich, and have become wealthy, and have need of
nothing," and you do not know that you are wretched and miserable and
poor and blind and naked,
18 I advise you to buy from Me
gold refined by fire so that you may become rich, and white garments so
that you may clothe yourself, and that the shame of your nakedness will
not be revealed; and eye salve to anoint your eyes so that you may see.
19 'Those whom I love, I reprove and discipline; therefore be zealous and repent.
20
'Behold, I stand at the door and knock; if anyone hears My voice and
opens the door, I will come in to him and will dine with him, and he
with Me.
21 'He who overcomes, I will grant to him to sit
down with Me on My throne, as I also overcame and sat down with My
Father on His throne.
22 'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.' "
[Robert L. Thomas]:
To the Laodicean church, Christ communicates in part as follows: "Thus,
because you are lukewarm and neither hot nor cold, I am about to spew you out of
My mouth" (3:16). The metaphor of lukewarmness derives from the water supply
to this city. Unlike neighboring Hierapolis which had hot, spring water, valuable
for
medicinal purposes, and neighboring Colosse which had cool,
refreshing-to-the-taste water, Laodicea had tepid water that was
sickening to drink on either a
hot or a cold day.69 This figure expresses the revulsion of Christ over the church's
spiritual state.
The church people were not just spiritually immature or complacent.70
__________________________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
66Beckwith, Apocalypse 467; Moffatt, "Revelation" 5:361.
67Sweet, Revelation 95.
68Smith, Revelation 77. The absence of the articles here and their presence in 7:14 is explainable on the basis of 2:22 being the first mention of the period in the book (Robertson, Word Pictures 6:310).
69William R. Newell, The Book of Revelation (Chicago: Moody, 1935) 76.
70Contra Henry Barclay Swete, The Apocalypse of John (London: Macmillan, 1906) 60; R. C. H
___________________________________________________________________________________
[Robert L. Thomas]:
Neither was their problem just that of having some interest in the things of God,
but falling short of the true testimony of Christ.71
[biblestudymanuals.net]:
The
passage in Rev 3 indicates that Jesus is addressing believers, not
false professors, or unbelievers. Take another look, especially at the
underlined words:
[Revelation 3:14-22 NASB]:
14
"To the angel of the church in Laodicea write: The Amen, the faithful
and true Witness, the Beginning of the creation of God, says this:
15 'I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot; I wish that you were cold or hot.
16 'So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit [lit., vomit] you out of My mouth.
17
'Because you say, "I am rich, and have become wealthy, and have need of
nothing," and you do not know that you are wretched and miserable and
poor and blind and naked,
18 I advise you to buy from Me gold
refined by fire so that you may become rich, and white garments so that
you may clothe yourself, and that the shame of your nakedness will not
be revealed; and eye salve to anoint your eyes so that you may see.
[Unbelievers don't get this opportunity]
19 'Those whom I love, I reprove and discipline; therefore be zealous and repent.
[Those whom I [Jesus] loves and reproves and disciplines are believers not unbelievers]
20
'Behold, I stand at the door and knock; if anyone hears My voice and
opens the door, I will come in to him and will dine with him, and he
with Me.
[To
invite Jesus in to fellowship with you has believers in view.
Unbelievers must first believe then they have the opportunity to have
fellowship with Jesus]
21 'He who overcomes, I will grant to him to sit down
with Me on My throne, as I also overcame and sat down with My Father on
His throne.
[To overcome in order to receive rewards / positions of authority in heaven has believers in view, not unbelievers]
22 'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.'
"
[Believers are in view who are enabled to hear what the Spirit says to the churches, not unbelievers]
[Robert L. Thomas]:
Neither was their problem just that of having some interest in the things of God,
but falling short of the true testimony of Christ.71
Their plight was far worse.
Lukewarm describes those who have professed Christ hypocritically and whose
actions betray that their hearts are not in what they pretend to be.72
[Not
true. The word lukewarm can only be used relative to the Christian
faith of believers. It cannot be used to describe unbelievers
relative to their Christian faith. Unbelievers have no
opportunity to be anything but unbelievers, they have no "temperature"
such as lukewarm, hot, cold relative to their relationship with Jesus
Christ, not even cold!! Furthermore, one is not a believer if he
has always professed Christ hypocritically and
never once exercised a true
moment of faith alone in Christ alone for
eternal life. On the other hand believers can be hypocritical in their
Christian lives. They can even stop believing moment to moment; but
that does not make them lose
their salvation does it? Because salvation is by grace through a moment
of faith alone in Christ alone, (ref. Eph 2:8-9).
BTW there is no such thing as an hypocritical faith. Faith
is simply a mental acceptance / assent in something as true. It is
either on or
off it cannot be hypocritical or false. Faith cannot be hypocritical
because it would not be faith at all,
not having been actually expressed .
Rev 3:15 'I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot; I wish that you were cold or hot.
16 'So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit [lit., vomit] you out of My mouth.
[Robert L. Thomas]:
Christ's description of them in 3:15-16 markedly resembles His denunciation of the
religious authorities of His day for their hypocrisy (e.g., Matt 23:13-36).
[biblestudymanuals.net]
But
that does not mean those in view in Rev 3:15-16 are unbelievers like
those unbelievers whom Jesus denounced in Mt 23 does it?? NO. Believers can act
quite unfaithfully, even worse than before they became believers ]
[Robert L. Thomas]:
A nominal Christian who cannot see
his need for repentance is a hopeless case.73
[biblestudymanuals.net]:
This
is an irresponsible statement. First of all there is no such thing as a
nominal Christian. One is either saved by grace through a moment of
faith alone in Christ alone plus nothing else, and that salvation is
not of yourself, it is the gift of God, not by works, (Eph 2:8-9); or
one is not a Christian at all. Acting poorly has nothing to do with
whether or not one is a Christian, i.e., one who is saved unto eternal life .
Rev 3:17
'Because you say, "I am rich, and have become wealthy, and have need of
nothing," and you do not know that you are wretched and miserable and
poor and blind and naked,
[Robert L. Thomas]:
The five adjectives
describing this church in 3:17 make clear that, as a general rule,
those in
the church had no relationship with Christ as Savior.74 Though a few among them
may have been genuine in their faith, the influence of the few in the church was
insignificant. That resembles the situation in Sardis.
[biblestudymanuals.net
(Rev 3:17) '''Because you say, "I am rich, and have become wealthy, and have need of
nothing," and you do not know that you are wretched and miserable and
poor and blind and naked,'''
This
verse cannot be interpreted as saying that the church never had a
relationship with Christ as Savior. Why then address them as the
church? Did not Jesus know that none of them were saved? So why tell
John to address them as a church when he wrote Revelation?
Furthermore, one's behavior is not what saves one, a moment of faith
alone in Christ alone is what does .
Scripture, especially the New
Testament epistles with all of
its commands and instructions on how Christians are to conduct
themselves, presumes that no believer even in the church age will act
faithfully all the time. There are even warnings to believers of severe
discipline, even early physical death for unfaithful behavior . The
Judgment Seat of Christ addresses those who are faithful and those who are unfaithful and
determines that those who are unfaithful will suffer loss of rewards, but not loss of their
salvation . No believer can claim to be all that faithful, i.e., one
moment without sin, (1 Jn 1:8 ).
The
passage in Rev 3:14-22 indicates that Jesus is addressing believers, not
false professors, or unbelievers. Take another look, especially at the
underlined words:
[Revelation 3:14-22 NASB]:
14
"To the angel of the church in Laodicea write: The Amen, the faithful
and true Witness, the Beginning of the creation of God, says this:
15 'I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot; I wish that you were cold or hot.
16 'So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit [lit., vomit] you out of My mouth.
17
'Because you say, "I am rich, and have become wealthy, and have need of
nothing," and you do not know that you are wretched and miserable and
poor and blind and naked,
18 I advise you to buy from Me gold
refined by fire so that you may become rich, and white garments so that
you may clothe yourself, and that the shame of your nakedness will not
be revealed; and eye salve to anoint your eyes so that you may see.
[Unbelievers don't get this opportunity]
19 'Those whom I love, I reprove and discipline; therefore be zealous and repent.
[Those whom I [Jesus] loves and reproves and disciplines are believers not unbelievers]
20
'Behold, I stand at the door and knock; if anyone hears My voice and
opens the door, I will come in to him and will dine with him, and he
with Me.
[To
invite Jesus in to fellowship with you has believers in view.
Unbelievers must first believe then they have the opportunity to have
fellowship with Jesus]
21 'He who overcomes, I will grant to him to sit down
with Me on My throne, as I also overcame and sat down with My Father on
His throne.
[To overcome in order to receive rewards / positions of authority in heaven has believers in view, not unbelievers]
22 'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.'
"
[Believers are in view who are enabled to hear what the Spirit says to the churches, not unbelievers]
Let's see what Robert L. Thomas has to say about:
Rev 3:15 'I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot; I wish that you were cold or hot.
16 'So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit [lit., vomit] you out of My mouth.
[Robert L. Thomas]:
Christ's reaction toward the sad condition corresponds to their disgusting
spiritual condition. "Spew [vomit] you out of My mouth" is a most contemptuous
expression, one that Christ uses nowhere else.75 "Thus" which begins v. 16 reflects
the correspondence between the church's condition and the drastic response, a
response that conforms to those against churches with similar problems (cf. 2:5, 16,
22; 3:3): "I am about to [m eq \O(3,e)llv, mell eq \O(~,o)] spew you out of My mouth."
As in 3:10, the verb m eq \O(3,e)llv (mell eq \O(~,o), "I am about to") indicates the
wrath that is about to come on this church. The spewing out is not an immediate
and special judgment to come on this church alone. It is a warning of the coming
eschatological wrath on all the churches and the rest of the world with them.76
This by design should have awakened recipients to the impending danger,77 as the
corresponding promise of deliverance from the same peril provided comfort to the
church in Philadelphia (3:10).78
[So
far there has not occurred any event that could be a fulfillment of one
of the events which will take place during the Day of the Lord. Hence
the deliverance in this passage of Rev 3:14-22 is not part of the Rapture / Day of the Lord, Tribulation Period, Second Coming, Millennial Rule, etc. On the other hand, believers are
often subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. They are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to God's speedy deliverance and / or judgment from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God the Father ]
[Robert L. Thomas]:
In light of this understanding of [Rev] 3:16, one looks for an encouraging word to
the faithful in Laodicea, such as the messages to Philadelphia and Thyatira have
illustrated. This comes in 3:20 where Christ promises the richness of eschatological
fellowship at the marriage supper of the Lamb to the one who responds to His
knock.
[biblestudymanuals.net
[Bible Knowledge Commentary On Rev 3:20-21]:
Rev 3:19-20 NASB]:
19 " 'Those whom I love, I reprove and discipline; therefore be zealous and repent.
20
'Behold, I stand at the door and knock; if anyone hears My voice and
opens the door, I will come in to him and will dine with him, and he
with Me.' "
"3:20-21.
Dramatically Christ pictured Himself as standing outside and knocking
on a door. In a familiar painting the latch is not shown but is assumed
to be on the inside. The appeal is for those who hear to open the door.
To them Christ promised, I will go in and eat with him, and he with Me.
With Christ on the outside, there can be no fellowship or genuine
wealth. With Christ on the inside, there is wonderful fellowship and
sharing of the marvelous grace of God. This was an appeal to Christians
rather than to non-Christians. This raises the important question
concerning the extent of one's intimate fellowship with Christ. To
those who respond, Christ promises to give the right to sit with Him on
His throne and share His victory."
Note:
that this passage cannot have the reception of eternal life in view, or
the Rapture or the Second Coming
because the appeal for attaining fellowship with God is not made to
unbelievers, nor is there an appeal to come join in the Rapture on a
case for case basis, or to bring judgment upon all unbelievers on the
face of the planet at that time. Furthermore, fellowship is a reward
and salvation unto
eternal life is a gift. Finally, the timing of this cannot be limited
to the Rapture or the Second Coming. For fellowship is available
at anytime to any who choose to believe in Christ and confess ones
sins (1 Jn 1) - during any temporal in your physical life. Thereafter, there
will be eternal rewards or not. It is not restricted to the imminent
arrival of the Day of the
Lord / the Tribulation period.
[Robert L. Thomas]:
The existence of a faithful remnant in Laodicea is not as explicit as in the
_______________________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
Lenski, The Interpretation of St. John's Revelation (Columbus, Ohio: Lutheran Book Concern, 1935) 154
71 Contra Trench, Seven Churches, 260; William Kelly, The Revelation (London: Thomas Weston,
1904) 83.
72Barnes, Revelation 1570; Walvoord, Revelation 92.
73Moffatt, "Revelation" 5:371.
74Johnson, "Revelation" 12:458.
75Swete, Apocalypse 60; Kelly, Revelation 84; Smith, Revelation 122.
76Charles, Revelation 1:96.
77Trench, Seven Churches 263; Beckwith, Apocalypse 490; Lenski, Revelation 151.
78Scott, Revelation 112.
_________________________________________________________________________________
[Robert L. Thomas]:
The existence of a faithful remnant in Laodicea is not as explicit as in the other two messages, but the assumption of positive respondents to the invitation of 3:20 strongly implies this.
[biblestudymanuals.net
ALL
believers are part of the remnant of believers who are present in every
age, whether they are faithful or not. To be part of the remnant is to
simply have become a believer via a moment of faith alone in Christ
alone. No one is actually perfectly faithful at any time in their
temporal lives, (1 Jn 1:8). They are nevertheless preserved
because they have been permanently guaranteed to have eternal life via
the indwelling Holy Spirit, persuant to the promise of God to provide
eternal life at the moment of faith alone in Christ alone, (Eph 1:13-14
).
The sentence that Robert Thomas made above, "The existence of a faithful remnant in Laodicea is not as explicit as in the other messages, but the assumption of positive respondents to the invitation of 3:20 strongly implies this"
evidently implies that Rev 3:20 is a gospel appeal. But as previously
stipulated it is NOT a gospel appeal, but one for fellowship with
Jesus.
This passage cannot have the reception of eternal life in view, or
the Rapture or the Second Coming
because the appeal for attaining fellowship with God is not made to
unbelievers, nor is there an appeal to come join in the Rapture on a
case for case basis - based on relative faithfulness as a Christian, or to bring judgment upon all unbelievers on the
face of the planet at that time. Furthermore, fellowship is a reward
and salvation unto
eternal life is a gift. Finally, the timing of this cannot be limited
to the Rapture or the Second Coming. For fellowship is available
at anytime to any who choose to believe in Christ and confess ones
sins. It is not restricted to the imminent arrival of the Day of the
Lord / the Tribulation period.
[Robert L. Thomas]:
Overviews of 3:10, 2:22, and 3:16, therefore, provide confirmation of the
dual imminence of the coming day of the Lord's wrath with the coming day of
deliverance for His church.
[biblestudymanuals.net
I
agree with the conclusion that the Rapture will be co-imminent with the
Tribulation Period. But you did not prove out your case. As a matter of
fact, Rev 2:22 does not have the Great Tribulation in view at all, just
great tribulation. You need to pay more attention to context and the
available meanings of words and phrases that best fit the context.
[Rev 3:10, 2:22, 3:16 NASB]:
3:10
'Because you have kept the word of My perseverance, I also will keep
you from the hour of testing, that hour which is about to come upon the
whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth.'
[The
hour upon the whole world points to the Tribulation period, but
perseverance is not the ticket that gets you raptured. For it says in
Scripture re: the Rapture that all those dead and alive in Christ, not
just those who persevere will be caught up .
On the other hand, one might say that those believers in the church age
who persevered in their lives especially during moments in which they
were in great duress - great tribulation - no matter how many years ago, all the more will be
caught up and be rewarded all the more, which it is implied in Rev
3:10]
2:22
'Behold, I will throw her on a bed of sickness, and those who commit
adultery with her into great tribulation, unless they repent of her
deeds.
[Note the phrase in Rev 2:22 rendered "
'Behold, I will throw her on a bed of sickness, and those who commit
adultery with her into great tribulation, unless they repent of her
deeds.' " where the Greek word "eis ......" is to be correctly
rendered "into great tribulation" does not have to always refer to the
Great Tribulation of the Day of the Lord. For there is NO definite
article in the Greek text to demand this in Rev 2:22.
Furthermore,
the context does not corroborate the Day of the Lord having come with
worldwide effect, not just one effect on the church in Thyatira.
[At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are physically alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ - the latter will rise first. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
3:16 'So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit [lit., vomit] you out of My mouth."
So
far there has not occurred any event that could be a fulfillment of one
of the events which will take place during the Day of the Lord. Hence
the deliverance in this passage of Rev 3:14-22 is not part of the Rapture / Day of the Lord, Tribulation Period, Second Coming, Millennial Rule, etc. On the other hand, believers are
often subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc.. They are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to God's speedy deliverance or discipline from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God the Father
The word lukewarm can only be used relative to the Christian
faith of believers. It cannot be used to describe unbelievers
relative to their Christian faith. Unbelievers have no
opportunity to be anything but unbelievers, they have no "temperature"
such as lukewarm, hot, cold relative to their relationship with Jesus
Christ, not even cold!! Furthermore, one is not a believer if he
has always professed Christ hypocritically and
never once exercised a moment of faith alone in Christ alone for
eternal life. On the other hand believers can be hypocritical in their
christian lives. They can even stop believing moment to moment; but
that does not make them lose
their salvation does it? Because salvation is by grace through a moment
of faith alone in Christ alone, (ref. Eph 2:8-9).
BTW there is no such thing as an hypocritical faith. Faith
is simply a mental acceptance / assent in something as true. It is either on or
off it cannot be hypocritical or false. It cannot be hypocritical because it would not be faith at all,
not having been actually expressed .
Rev 3:15 'I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot; I wish that you were cold or hot.
16 'So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit [lit., vomit] you out of My mouth.
But
that does not mean those in view in Rev 3:15-16 are unbelievers like
those unbelievers whom Jesus denounced in Mt 23 does it?? NO. Believers can act
quite unfaithfully, even worse than before they became believers ].
OTHER NT INDICATIONS OF DUAL IMMINENCE
[biblestudymanuals.net
Robert Thomas evidently defines dual imminence as follows:
[Robert L. Thomas]:
... the dual imminence of the coming day of the Lord's wrath with the coming day of
deliverance for His church.
[biblestudymanuals.net]:
Robert
L Thomas' comment above must be taken in
the sense of both the Rapture and the beginning of the day of the
Lord's wrath / the Day
of the Lord / the Tribulation period, etc. occurring at the same time
and there is no particular stipulated event(s) indicated in Scripture
which must come before so that these dual imminent events may come at
precisely the same time / at any time without any particular event
occurring first. Note that this
comment cannot always be taken from Rev 2-3 because most of the
comments on the conduct of the seven churches have temporal time in view and
not the Rapture, Tribulation, Second Coming, etc.
[Robert L. Thomas]:
A brief survey of a few other NT indications of this dual imminence is
instructive. That combination begins as early as the teachings of the Lord Jesus
during Passion Week. On Tuesday of that week in A.D. 30, His Olivet Discourse
warned about the miseries to come upon Israel during her seventieth week. He
compared the coming of the period to the surprise arrival of a thief in the night
(Matt 24:43). On Thursday of the same week in His Upper Room discourse, He
encouraged His own by predicting His return to take them to the Father's house
(John 14:2-3). The immediate context, verb tense, and verbal idea of eq \O(5,e)
rxomai (erchomai, "I will come") convey the notion of imminence in the latter case: "I
am on My way and may arrive at any moment."
[biblestudymanuals.net
John 14:2-3 (NASB)
2
"In My Father's house are many dwelling places; if it were not so, I
would have told you; for I go to prepare a place for you.
3
"If I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and receive you
to Myself, that where I am, there you may be also."
There is no
indication here of the timeframe within which Jesus would "come again."
So one must not speculate on whether or not His return for the
disciples was an imminent one in their time or any particular time in history.
[Robert L. Thomas]:
Seventeen or eighteen years later, James wrote about the dual imminence in
his epistle. In addressing the abusers of the poor, he noted "the miseries that are
coming upon you" (5:1). Already on their way, they could arrive at any time,
because the rich were already in "the last days" (5:3) when God would right the
wrongs they have inflicted. Immediately after his words to the rich (5:1-6), James
turns to offer incentives for the faithful to exhibit longsuffering (5:7-11). Their
incentives lay in the nearness of the Lord's coming (5:8) and in His presence before
the door, ready to enter and rectify past injustices (5:9).
biblestudymanuals.net
[At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
[Robert L. Thomas]:
About four years later, Paul wrote his two epistles to the Thessalonians, in
the first of which he outlined the sequence of Christ's imminent coming for the
dead in Christ and then for the living in Christ (4:13-18). This meant comfort to the
saints. In conjunction with this coming, he told of the surprise arrival of the day of
the Lord in terms of an unexpected visit by a thief in the night (5:2). The Lord will
initiate the wrathful phase of that day (cf. 5:9) at the same moment He takes those
in Christ to heaven. This will mean sudden destruction for those outside of Christ.
A few months later, Paul wrote to the same church and in one breath spoke
of the translation of the church ADVANCE \R 2.15 - "our gathering together to
Him" in 2:1 - and in the next breath, of how the church would have recognized the
day of the Lord if it had already arrived ADVANCE \R 2.15 - through the presence
of "the apostasy" and the revelation of "the man of lawlessness" in 2:3. Some
person or persons had misled them into thinking that the day of the Lord could
have already begun without the translation of the church occurring
simultaneously. He wrote to correct this error and to assure them the two
happenings will occur together.
The above brief sampling of NT teaching regarding the imminence of both
the wrathful seventieth week of Daniel 9 and the translation of the body of Christ
to heaven parallels the same double imminence that is so conspicuous in
Revelation 2–3 in A.D. 95. The Apocalypse climaxes this line of teaching that
persisted throughout the period from Christ's personal ministry to the culmination
of the NT canon.
[biblestudymanuals.net]:
At
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc.; and
for rewards in heaven at the Judgment Seat of Christ to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
[Robert L. Thomas]:
A VINDICATION OF PRETRIBULATIONALISM
If two happenings are imminent, the only possible conclusion must be that
they will be concurrent. Earlier discussion of the six direct references to Christ's
coming in the seven messages to the churches of Asia has shown both Christ's
return for the faithful and the beginning of Daniel's seventieth week to be
imminent.
[biblestudymanuals.net
The
phrase rendered, "Christ's return for the faithful"
is not in any
passage either directly or implied; especially the passages that have
Christ's Second Coming in view. The phrase falsely implies that Jesus
Christ will return to the earth in His Second Coming to rescue those believers of the Church age who are
faithful but evidently He will not rescue those church age believers who are not faithful. Note that the rapture is a return to the clouds above the earth. So I ask, do you
know any
believers who are living faithful lives enough to merit
Christ's return in His Second Coming based on their faithful
merits??? Or return to the clouds above to rapture only faithful
believers. I don't. There are no faithful believers in the sense of
those without sin = 1 Jn 1:8,
9 .
For there is not going to be anyone who can
declare that he is living a faithful life in order to merit Christ's
return to rapture them up, it's all by grace, saved by grace raptured by grace. Furthermore, Christ's Second
coming to the earth after seven years of Tribulation will be a return
to a population composed of believers who are not part of the Church
but believers during the Tribulation period, i.e., Tribulation saints - the last seven years of
the period under the Mosaic Law. They are all imperfect all the
way to unfaithful, none perfect hence none actually faithful, (1 Jn
1:8-10 ).
Furthermore, Christ's return to earth is not to faithful
Christians in His Second Coming for He has already taken up all the
faithful Christians seven years before that at the Rapture. They all
have
already been transformed into their perfect resurrection bodies. They
will have been
judged at the Judgment Seat of Christ. Secondly those on the face of
the
earth at the Second Coming will be Tribulation believers not Church Age
believers plus unbelievers, the latter and larger group comprising the
earth's
population who will refuse to believe in Jesus. They will be under
Christ's judgment / wrath. The former will be delivered from
further devastating circumstances and
persecution, i.e., events of the tribulation especially the entire
Jewish
population as a result of Israel's unamimous record of becoming
believers
in Christ at that time when He appears at His Second coming.
They are then transformed into sinlessly perfect mortal
believers, long living, with a perfect knowledge of God's Word: a
fulfillment of the New Covenant .
[Robert L. Thomas]:
If two happenings are imminent, the only possible conclusion must be that
they will be concurrent. Earlier discussion of the six direct references to Christ's
coming in the seven messages to the churches of Asia has shown both Christ's
return for the faithful and the beginning of Daniel's seventieth week to be
imminent. That characteristic has received confirmation through a consideration
of three indirect references to His coming in Revelation 2–3. The teachings of
Christ in the gospels and several other NT portions have added their voice to the
dual imminency of the two events.
[biblestudymanuals.net]:
Jesus Christ will not return to the earth in His Second Coming to
rescue the
faithful believers of the church age. He will have already done that 7
years before His Second Coming - and more: He will have taken every
believer, faithful or not, including those dead in Christ, from the face of the earth to heaven at the
Rapture seven years earlier than when He will come in His Second Coming
to the earth. This is so because individuals are saved by grace and
that salvation is not of themselves, it is a gift of God and not by
works, (Eph 2:8-9 ). So church age believers such as those in
view in Rev chapters 2-3 in the first century will not need to be delivered from the
tribulation / end times / day of the Lord difficulties because they
won't even be on the earth! 66667777 They will have been caught up / raptured
into the clouds by Jesus Christ Who awaits for them there in the clouds and Who will
bring them back to heaven. So all
church age believers will be raptured, not just the faithful believers.
Most of the time the messages to the 7 churches are addressing issues
in the
temporal moment to be addressed in the temporal life by Jesus Christ in that time span, not to await His Second Coming - those
which are not pursuant to the arrival of the Day of the Lord,
Tribulation Period, Second Coming, etc. Believers of the church age who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. as exemplified in part in Rev 2-3 in the first century and consequent centuries are
commanded / encouraged day by day in the temporal life as they lead them before God to be
faithful with a view to a temporal speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty by Jesus Christ outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father .
Throughout the centuries from the first century they are mandated to
study the Scriptures to show themselves approved in order to
learn what is required of them in their temporal lives. They are to
follow the leading of the Holy Spirit to coordinate what they have
learned in their studying of God's Word, and thereby Jesus Christ will
come soon moment by moment in their temporal lives to deliver them from
temporal difficulties unto blessings in temporal time not waiting for His Second Coming or even the Rapture as time reveals God's Sovereign foreordination as
they follow the commands and even repent from wrong doing to be guided
through their temporal lives no matter how close or far away one is
from the Rapture, the Tribulation Period, His Second Coming, etc.
[Robert L. Thomas]:
The return and the week's beginning must therefore occur at the same time.
Several times I have had a responsibility to plan programs for theological
societies and conferences. I designated a time and place for each speaker, so
everyone had to be ready and appear at the time I designated for him. Suppose I
had, in a moment of derangement, decided to tell no one in advance the time for
his part, but instructed all to be prepared to speak when called upon. Only I
would know who was going to fulfill his role when. That would be poor planning
on my part, but until I called for the first paper, every participant would be on his
toes because his paper would be potentially imminent, i.e., due to be delivered at
any moment. If a person knows his assignment would not come till the second
day, he would not have to be ready the first day because he has an extra day to
prepare. As planner, I would be aware of this difference in stages of readiness and
would not expect everyone to be ready the first day. But if I kept everyone in the
dark about when to speak, I would be the only one for whom each part would not
be imminent, since I would know the sequence in advance.
[biblestudymanuals.net]:
Believers - especially those in view in Rev chapters 2-3, i.e., church age believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]. Keep
this in mind, that at
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which chapters 4-22 address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
[Robert L. Thomas]:
In a manner of speaking, God is a program planner. In planning His
program, He has chosen not to disclose times for future events. He has indicated,
however, that some events will occur before others. For example, the millennial
kingdom will come before the white-throne judgment, or the second coming of
____________________________________________________________________
FOOTNOTES
174 The Master's Seminary Journal
____________________________________________________________________
[Robert L. Thomas]:
Christ will precede the battle of Armageddon, or the seventieth week of Danniel
will precede the millennial kingdom. Yet He has indicated no sequence for two
events, the rapture of the church and the beginning of Daniel's seventieth week.
He has given His word that the two are imminent, that both may come at any
moment.
[biblestudymanuals.net]
The
two events are imminent because the one - the beginning of the Day of
the Lord, the seven year Tribulation period which begins God's wrath
upon the inhabitants of the earth cannot begin unless the other - the
Rapture - has occurred. For the church age believers are not subject to
the wrath of God:
(1
Thes 1:10 NASB) "and to wait for His Son from heaven, whom He raised
from the dead, that is Jesus, who rescues us from the wrath to come."
Note
that in this case the waiting for God's Son to come from heaven has in
view a potential rescue of their 1st century temporal lives should the
Tribulation wrath be imminent at that moment in the first century while
they were alive in their temporal bodies. But history indicates that
they they died evidently during the first century; and they are now and have been
present with the Lord awaiting their being raised from the dead for these thousands of years for Christ
to come to rescue them from the wrath to come in the Rapture at
which time they will be raised from the dead first and then thereafter
those believers who are alive on the earth will be caught up bodily in
the Rapture to forever be with Him - thus being rescued from the coming
wrath which is yet future. That potential for the first century believers and all believers
since then who have died did not become a reality throughout the time
period from the first century till today nearly 2,000 years later in May
2022 and it is still yet to be realized. Nevertheless when the wrath of God does come upon the earth
simultaneously with the beginning of the Day of the Lord, all church
age believers dead and alive will be raised up from the dead in
resurrection bodies and not be subject to the wrath of God. So knowing
that one is not going to be subject to the Tribulation wrath of God
upon all humanity in its time is not to be the daily focus relative to
temporal testing, persecution, difficulties, etc. believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
[Robert L. Thomas]:
Unlike human planners who cannot schedule simultaneous parts on the
same program unless they are in separate rooms, God has indicated that no
prophecy remains to be fulfilled before either of these events. If it were to turn out
that one of the two preceded the other, God has not been forthright with people. It
questions His ethics to suggest that one of the two is not imminent if, in fact, that is
the case. Would He misinform readers of Scripture by asking them to be ready for
two happenings that could occur at any moment, when actually one of them will
precede the other? Of course not! God cannot lie (Tit 1:2).
[biblestudymanuals.net]:
The confusion in this study lies in the improper reading of the Bible. Being delivered from
temporal
wrath which is occurring in ones temporal lifetime is often mistaken
for being delivered from the wrath of God beginning at the Day of the
Lord. The one cannot be determined to be the other unless it is
corroborated by the many passages which describe events in character
and timeframe which are prophesied to occur during the Day of the Lord.
So this must include taking into account the passage of time for those
events to have occurred as stipulated in Scripture.
The
passage on the church at Ephesus in Rev 2:1-7 has temporal deliverance
not Tribulation or Second Coming deliverance in view. Recall that all
church age believers will be Raptured up before the Tribulation starts
and it is not dependent upon a particular church body to repent of some
particular sin which would then make the Rapture no longer imminent but
dependent upon a particular church's behavior. and not upon God's foreordination - His sovereignty.
Nevertheless,
verse 7, Revelation 2:7 (NASB) 7 'He who has an ear, let him hear
what the Spirit says to the churches. To him who overcomes, I will
grant to eat of the tree of life which is in the Paradise of God,' "
speaks of eternal rewards in Paradise / Heaven for those believers who
overcome in their temporal lives evidently in any age without it being
connected to the Rapture, Day of the Lord, Tribulation Period, Second
Coming, Millennial Rule, Everlasting Kingdom, etc.
Rev 2:8-11
has the church at Smyrna in view which has perseverance through
persecution / temporal tribulation even unto death with the crown of
life a reward for such terrible consequences. So an eternal reward is
in view with
those believers who overcome in their temporal lives, persevere even suffer death / martyrdom evidently in any
age without it being connected to the Rapture, Day of the Lord,
Tribulation Period, Second Coming, Millennial Rule, Everlasting
Kingdom, etc.
Rev
2:12-17 has the church at Pergamum in view which has perseverance in
view with a statement that Christ will come to discipline them in
temporal time without any endtime connection dependent upon the
church's response if they do not repent of certain sins. This scenario
as well is not connected to the Rapture, Day of the Lord,
Tribulation Period, Second Coming, Millennial Rule, Everlasting
Kingdom, etc.
Rev
2:18-29 has the church at Thyatira in view which has the church's
perseverance in view during the first century with certain sins which
Christ warns that He will come to address in their present time if they
do not repent with a view to
temporal resolution by Jesus within the first century when the church
existed. This scenario is not connected to the Rapture, Day of the Lord,
Tribulation Period, Second Coming, Millennial Rule, Everlasting
Kingdom, etc.
Nevertheless when carefully read, Rev 2:26-29 NASB has eternal rewards in view:
26 'He who overcomes, and he who keeps My deeds until the end, TO HIM I WILL GIVE AUTHORITY OVER THE NATIONS;
27
AND HE SHALL RULE THEM WITH A ROD OF IRON, AS THE VESSELS OF THE POTTER
ARE BROKEN TO PIECES, as I also have received authority from My Father;
28 and I will give him the morning star.
29 'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.' "
Nevertheless Rev 2:26-29 NASB has eternal rewards in view but it is not connected
to the Rapture, Day of the Lord,
Tribulation Period, Second Coming, Millennial Rule, Everlasting
Kingdom, etc; except that those who are faithful in their temporal lives, persevere in the
faith will receive unimaginally grand eternal rewards at the Judgment
Seat of Christ - the saints of the church, after being raptured
and brought to heaven by Jesus Christ.
Then in Rev 3:1-6, to the church at Sardis it reads:
1
"To the angel of the church in Sardis write: He who has the seven
Spirits of God and the seven stars, says this: 'I know your deeds, that
you have a name that you are alive, but you are dead.
2
'Wake up, and strengthen the things that remain, which were about to
die; for I have not found your deeds completed in the sight of My God.
3
'So remember what you have received and heard; and keep it, and repent.
Therefore if you do not wake up, I will come like a thief, and you will
not know at what hour I will come to you.
4 'But you have a
few people in Sardis who have not soiled their garments; and they will
walk with Me in white, for they are worthy.
5 'He who
overcomes will thus be clothed in white garments; and I will not erase
his name from the book of life, and I will confess his name before My
Father and before His angels.
6 'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.'
In
Rev 3:1-6 to the church at Sardis which reads in the NASB that there
will be judgment
coming upon the church - believers "like a thief, and you will not know
at what
hour I [Jesus Christ] will come to you," in the sense of temporal
judgment - the Second Coming not in view because Christians good, bad
and indifferent are not going to be judged while on the earth by Christ
when He comes. They will have already been caught up from the earth
seven years before Christ's Second Coming, transformed into
resurrection bodies to a waiting Jesus Christ in the clouds above the
earth and brought back to heaven with Him to the Judgment Seat of
Christ for rewards or they will suffer loss of rewards and then brought with our Lord in
His Second Coming to earth seven years later to corule and judge others
with Jesus Christ - to the extent that we have been faithful are are so rewarded.
Revelation 3:7-13 (NASB)
7
"And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write: He who is holy,
who is true, who has the key of David, who opens and no one will shut,
and who shuts and no one opens, says this:
8 'I know your
deeds. Behold, I have put before you an open door which no one can
shut, because you have a little power, and have kept My word, and have
not denied My name.
9 'Behold, I will cause those of the
synagogue of Satan, who say that they are Jews and are not, but lie - I
will make them come and bow down at your feet, and make them know that
I have loved you.
10 'Because you have kept the word of My
perseverance, I also will keep you from the hour of testing, that hour
which is about to come upon the whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth.
11 'I am coming quickly; hold fast what you have, so that no one will take your crown.
12
'He who overcomes, I will make him a pillar in the temple of My God,
and he will not go out from it anymore; and I will write on him the
name of My God, and the name of the city of My God, the new Jerusalem,
which comes down out of heaven from My God, and My new name.
13 'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.' "
The
phrase in this passage rendered, "hour upon the whole world" points to the Tribulation period, but
perseverance is not the ticket that gets you raptured. For it says in
Scripture re: the Rapture that all those dead and alive in Christ, not
just those who persevere will be caught up .
On the other hand, one might say that those believers in the church age
who persevered in their mortal / temporal lives especially during moments in which they
were in great duress no matter how many years ago, all the more will be
caught up and be rewarded all the more, which it is implying in Rev
3:10.
[Revelation 3:14-22 NASB has the church in Laodicea in view]:
14
"To the angel of the church in Laodicea write: The Amen, the faithful
and true Witness, the Beginning of the creation of God, says this:
15 'I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot; I wish that you were cold or hot.
16 'So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit [lit., vomit] you out of My mouth.
17
'Because you say, "I am rich, and have become wealthy, and have need of
nothing," and you do not know that you are wretched and miserable and
poor and blind and naked,
18 I advise you to buy from Me gold
refined by fire so that you may become rich, and white garments so that
you may clothe yourself, and that the shame of your nakedness will not
be revealed; and eye salve to anoint your eyes so that you may see.
[Unbelievers don't get this opportunity]
19 'Those whom I love, I reprove and discipline; therefore be zealous and repent.
[Those whom I [Jesus] loves and reproves and disciplines are believers not unbelievers]
20
'Behold, I stand at the door and knock; if anyone hears My voice and
opens the door, I will come in to him and will dine with him, and he
with Me.
[To
invite Jesus in to fellowship with you has believers in view.
Unbelievers must first believe then they have the opportunity to have
fellowship with Jesus]
21 'He who overcomes, I will grant to him to sit down
with Me on My throne, as I also overcame and sat down with My Father on
His throne.
[To overcome in order to receive rewards / positions of authority in heaven has believers in view, not unbelievers]
22 'He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.'
"
[Believers are in view who are enabled to hear what the Spirit says to the churches, not unbelievers]
[So at
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ - they will rise first. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 14:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12 Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc.; and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
3:16 'So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit [lit., vomit] you out of My mouth.
So
far there has not occurred any event that could be a fulfillment of one
of the events which will take place during the Day of the Lord. Hence
the deliverance in this passage of Rev 3:14-22 is temporal; it is not part of the Rapture / Day of the Lord, Tribulation Period, Second Coming, Millennial Rule, etc. On the other hand, believers are
often subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. They are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to God's speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc. and
for rewards in heaven to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God the Father
The word luke warm can only be used relative to the Christian
faith of believers. It cannot be used to describe unbelievers
relative to their Christian faith. Unbelievers have no
opportunity to be anything but unbelievers, they have no "temperature"
such as lukewarm, hot, cold relative to their relationship with Jesus
Christ, not even cold!! Furthermore, one is not a believer if he
has always professed Christ hypocritically and
never once exercised a moment of faith alone in Christ alone for
eternal life. On the other hand believers can be hypocritical in their
christian lives. They can even stop believing moment to moment; but
that does not make them lose
their salvation does it? Because salvation is by grace through a moment
of faith alone in Christ alone, (ref. Eph 2:8-9).
BTW there is no such thing as an hypocritical faith. Faith
is simply a mental acceptance / assent in something as true. It is either on or
off it cannot be hypocritical or false. It cannot be hypocritical because it would not be faith at all,
not having been actually expressed .
Rev 3:15 'I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot; I wish that you were cold or hot.
16 'So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit [lit., vomit] you out of My mouth.
But
that does not mean those in view in Rev 3:15-16 are unbelievers like
those unbelievers whom Jesus denounced in Mt 23 does it?? NO. Believers can act
quite unfaithfully, even worse than before they became believers ].
This passage [Rev 3:20] cannot have the reception of eternal life in view, or
the Rapture or the Second Coming
because the appeal for attaining fellowship with God is not made to
unbelievers, nor is there an appeal to come join in the Rapture on a
case for case basis, or to bring judgment upon all unbelievers on the
face of the planet at that time. Furthermore, fellowship is a reward
and salvation unto
eternal life is a gift. Finally, the timing of this cannot be limited
to the Rapture or the Second Coming. For fellowship is available
at anytime to any who choose to believe in Christ and confess ones
sins. It is not restricted to the imminent arrival of the Day of the
Lord / the Tribulation period.
[Robert L. Thomas]:
Unlike human planners who cannot schedule simultaneous parts on the
same program unless they are in separate rooms, God has indicated that no
prophecy remains to be fulfilled before either of these events. If it were to turn out
that one of the two preceded the other, God has not been forthright with people. It
questions His ethics to suggest that one of the two is not imminent if, in fact, that is
the case. Would He misinform readers of Scripture by asking them to be ready for
two happenings that could occur at any moment, when actually one of them will
precede the other? Of course not! God cannot lie (Tit 1:2).
The Bible presents no sequential arrangement of these two events [Rapture & Second Coming]
as it does for other future happenings. It prophesies nothing that must occur before these
two, including nothing to indicate that one of the two must occur before the other.
They are both next items on God's prophetic calendar. This can only find
fulfillment if the two occur at the same time. Were either to come before the other,
the biblical account would have been misleading in that the second would not
have been imminent until the first occurred.
God, the master planner, is the only one for whom the two events are not
imminent because He knows precisely when they will happen. With that
knowledge, He has instructed us to expect them both at any moment. Surely He
would not mislead people into expecting both to be imminent if one of the two is
not.
The 'comings' of Christ in Revelation 2–3 necessitate that both the church's
rapture and the beginning of Daniel's seventieth week be imminent and hence
occur simultaneously. Exegetical analyses of the nine references to these 'comings'
require contemporaneousness. That is why I differ with those who say exegetical
proof for the pretribulational rapture does not exist. Clear exegetical evidence for
the imminence of two future happenings requires a pretribulational rapture. Two
events will come at once, one of which is the translation of the church. The only
way this can happen is for the church to enter the Father's house not before, not
after, but at the moment the hour of trial begins.
Dual imminency of Daniel's seventieth week and the church's deliverance
from the wrath of that week is not the only exegetical proof of the pretribulational
rapture of the church, but it deserves its place alongside other evidence because of
its prominence in Revelation 2–3
[biblestudymanuals.net]:
[So at
the point in historical time that God in His foreordination / decrees /
implementation when the Tribulation period is imminent / ready to occur
immediately, then Christ
will come soon / quickly / imminently to rapture / rescue the saints
who are alive during
that time in their "alive" mortal bodies in history as well as all
believers of the church age who are dead in Christ. For it is
the time for
the Day of the Lord
to
begin and the church will not be there because at that precise time the Rapture will have occurred. To speculate that believers
throughout the age might be encouraged to persevere despite the fact
that their perseverance might be based on some temporal scenario that is not true, and/or a misconception that the Day
of the Lord was imminent at a particular time is not
in view. For Scripture clearly indicates in numerous places both the
Old Testament and the New Testament the events that comprise the
Rapture, Day of the Lord, the Second Coming, etc. - Rev chapters 4-22; Dan
9:24-27; Mk 13all; Mt chapters 24-25; 1 Thes 4:13-15:11 & 2 Thes 2:1-12; Zech chapters 12-14;
Isa chapter 60; Jer 30:4-31:40; Ezek 36:16-37:28; et al - especially Rev 4-22
which follow chapters 2-3 which the latter chapters address issues that
author John writes of the seven churches which fully clarifies the
Tribulation period in history. Nevertheless, believers who are
subjected to difficulties, testing, discipline, etc. are
commanded / encouraged to be
faithful with a view to speedy deliverance from such temporal
difficulty outside of the purview of the events of the Day of the Lord,
etc.; and
also for rewards in heaven at the Judgment Seat of Christ when all believers
will be taken up to heaven at the Rapture to receive rewards or suffer
loss of rewards to whatever the case may be in accordance
with the Sovereignty of God his Father ]
VIII) [JOEL CHAPTER TWO]:
From p. 68 we read:
[Glenn Hill]
"And
it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out my spirit upon
all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your
old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions: And also
upon the servants and upon the handmaids in those days will I pour out my spirit. (Joel 2:28-29)"
On
the day of Pentecost the Spirit was poured out on those in the upper
room. The onlookers mocked the believers and accused them of being
drunk. Peter came to their defense and went on to preach the first
sermon of the newly founded church. He quoted Joel:
"For
these are not drunken, as ye suppose, seeing it is but the third hour
of the day. But this is that which was spoken by the prophet Joel: And
it shall come to pass in the last days, saith God, I will pour out of
my Spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall
prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and your old men shall
dream dreams. (Acts 2:15-17).
So in his first sermon, Peter used a
text from Joel. He declared that the pouring out of the Spirit on that
Pentecost day was the fulfillment of Joel's prophecy. He further
declared that this event had happened in the Last Days. Therefore,
Peter plainly stated that the last Days were in existence at the Feast
of Pentecost in AD 30.
Some people do not believe the Last Days were
in existence in Peter's day and time. They believe Peter was mistaken
when he said. "But this [the outpouring of the Spirit] is that which
was spoken by the prophet Joel." They further say Peter was wrong when
he called that time the Last Days. Now this is a dilemma! Those who say
Peter was wrong are still looking today for the fulfillment of Joel's
prophecy. They are expecting a great outpouring today of the Holy
Spirit, followed by the soon coming of Jesus."
EXCERPTS FROM STUDY ON ACTS CHAPTER TWO
biblestudymanuals.net./acts2_observe.htm
(Acts
2:1-5) WHEN THE DAY OF PENTECOST HAD FULLY COME, THE APOSTLES AND ALL
THE DISCIPLES WERE UNITED IN PURPOSE IN THE UPPER ROOM. SUDDENLY THERE
CAME A SOUND FROM HEAVEN OF A RUSHING MIGHTY WIND, FILLING THE WHOLE
HOUSE, EVIDENTLY ECHOING THROUGHOUT THE STREETS OF JERUSALEM. THEN
DIVIDED TONGUES OF FIRE APPEARED OVER EACH DISCIPLE'S HEAD - THE WIND
AND FIRE: SYMBOLS OF THE PRESENCE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT, PROOF OF THEIR
BAPTISM IN THE HOLY SPIRIT. AND ALL THE DISCIPLES (120+) WERE FILLED /
CONTROLLED BY THE INDWELLING HOLY SPIRIT AND BEGAN TO SPEAK IN
HERETOFORE UNKNOWN FOREIGN LANGUAGES OF MANY PEOPLES, THE WORLD OVER,
AS THE SPIRIT GAVE THEM UTTERANCE OVER EACH WORD
(Acts 2:1 NKJV)
'''When the Day of Pentecost had fully come, they were all with one
accord in one place. (Acts 2:2 NKJV) And suddenly there came a sound
from heaven, as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled the whole house
where they were sitting. (Acts 2:3 NKJV) Then there appeared to them
divided tongues, as of fire, and one sat upon each of them. (Acts 2:4
NKJV) And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak
with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance. (Acts 2:5 NKJV)
And there were dwelling in Jerusalem Jews, devout men, from every
nation under heaven.''' =
The phrase rendered "When the Day of
Pentecost had fully come" refers to the festival known in late Judaism
as Pentecost from the Greek words "hE pentEkostE," (lit., 'the
fiftieth'). According to Lev 23:15-22, it was to be celebrated on the
'day after the seventh Sabbath' and hence on the fiftieth day after
Passover. It was originally the festival of the firstfruits of the
grain harvest, called the Feast of Weeks - a period of seven weeks of
harvesting which began with the offering of the first barley sheaf
during the Passover celebration and ended with the wheat harvest. But
by the time of the first century, Pentecost was also considered the
anniversary of the giving of the Law at Mount Sinai - a time for the
annual renewal of the Mosaic Covenant; hence one of the three great
pilgrim festivals of Judaism along with Passover preceding it and
Tabernacles about four months later. But this particular Pentecost
would now be also known as the time of pouring out of the Holy Spirit
upon all those who believed in Jesus Christ for forgiveness of sins
unto eternal life in the Eternal Kingdom of God - Jew and Gentile alike.
Although
Mt 16:18 provides our LORD's statement of building the Church upon the
foundation of Himself - Who He was, i.e., "The Christ, the Son of the
living God;" and although the Day of Pentecost was the key day of the
festival of firstfruits when the Jews brought to God the firstfruits of
their harvest in thanksgiving, so that one might consider this
particular Pentecost in Acts chapter two to be the day of the
firstfruits of Christ's church, the beginning of the great harvest of
individuals who would come to be known as Christ's church, the body of
Christ; and although Scripture will later declare that the baptism of
the Holy Spirit will permanently indwell the Spirit of God into every
member of the church, the body of Christ; the passage in Acts chapter 1
neither stipulates nor implies that this was the beginning of the
church.
Many of those who were believers in Christ unto eternal
life in the eternal Kingdom of God had become disciples, i.e.,
followers of Jesus Christ - about 120 in number, including the Twelve
Apostles. They were all with one accord in the sense of being united in
purpose and in one place - most likely in the upper room in Jerusalem,
(Acts 1:13-14). They were to remain in Jerusalem and await their
baptism with the Holy Spirit - as the LORD had promised, (Acts 1:4).
Whereupon they would commence their mission, as commissioned by the
LORD to bring to the world, the message of the Kingdom of God and
entrance into it; repentance unto faith in Christ unto eternal life in
the restoration of the Kingdom of God to Israel being the key point of
that message, (Acts 1:6-8; 2:38) (Acts 2:1).
So on the Day of
Pentecost, the disciples were gathered together "in one place." Due to
the lack of words specifically stipulating that an area within the
Temple was in view and to the phrases in verses 1 & 2 rendered "in
one place" and "the whole house," respectively; and to the implication
of a location that afforded some privacy while the disciples were
awaiting the baptism of the Holy Spirit - the location in view in
verses 1-3 must be the upper room "where they were [customarily]
abiding," (Acts 1:13); and not the Temple in Jerusalem, as some contend.
[Compare Acts 1:13-14]:
(Acts
1:13 YLT) "And when they came in [to the city], they went up to the
upper room, where they were abiding both Peter and James; and John, and
Andrew, Philip, and Thomas, Bartholomew, and Matthew, James [son] of
Alphaeus, and Simon the [Zealot], and Judas [son] of James.
(Acts
1:14 YLT) These all were [steadfastly] continuing with one accord in
prayer and supplication, with women, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and
with His [brothers]."
"And suddenly there came a sound from
heaven, as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled the whole house
where they [the disciples] were sitting." There is no indication in the
text that this was an actual wind. For a wind which had the magnitude
of the sound which verse 2 conveyed would have caused devastating
damage - which damage was not addressed by author Luke. Nevertheless,
the implication of the phrase, "a sound of heaven, as of a rushing
mighty wind, and it filled the whole house" was that the sound was so
loud that it could be heard by the multitudes gathered for Pentecost in
the city who came together to investigate it, (cf. Acts 2:6). The Greek
word "pneuma" can mean wind and / or spirit, conveying both meanings in
this passage. Hence the sound of the rushing mighty wind filling the
whole house was a powerful sign which indicated the presence of God the
Holy Spirit throughout the house, indwelling all the believers present.
And thereafter, there was a sudden appearance of a mass of flames which
then broke up, such that a single tongue of fire settled upon the head
of every disciple in the room. The appearance of the tongues of fire
was also a symbol of the presence of God, which corroborated the
occurrence within the believers of the Baptism of the Holy Spirit, [cf.
the presence of God: (1) in the burning bush, (Exod 3:2-5); (2) in the
pillar of fire that guided Israel by night through the wilderness,
(Exod 13:21-22); (3) in the consuming fire on Mt Sinai, (Exod 19:18;
24:17); (4) and in the fire that hovered over the wilderness
tabernacle, (Exod 40:38)]. Note that John the Baptist earlier
stipulated that the Messiah would baptize with the Holy Spirit and with
fire, (Lk 3:16), (Acts 2:2-3).
The signs of the sound of the
rushing mighty wind and the appearance of the tongues of fire which
accompanied the believers' baptism of the Holy Spirit were unique, and
evidently marked this event as unique. It did not occur at any other
time. Hence it cannot be asserted that these signs must occur whenever
there is a baptism / filling of the Spirit upon a believer, as some
contend.
Upon the sound of the rushing mighty wind, and the
appearance of the tongues of fire, all of the disciples became filled
with, in the sense of controlled by, the Holy Spirit. Hence all of them
began to speak "with other tongues," i.e., speak in many foreign
languages heretofore unknown to them - as the Spirit gave them
utterance, in the sense of giving them the capacity to choose to speak
out each word as the Spirit provided it for them to speak. The three
signs of the sound of a rushing mighty wind, the tongues of fire and
the speaking with other tongues which the last evidenced the filling
of the Holy Spirit, clearly indicated that the baptism of the Holy
Spirit had occurred, (Acts 1:4-5; cf. Acts 10:43-46).
The Greek
word "glOssais" rendered "tongues" is the normal Greek word for known
languages. The word does not refer to ecstatic utterances in this
passage, as some contend; for verses 9-11 indicate that the many
foreign languages of fifteen regions throughout the world were an
example of the many languages the disciples were speaking to people in
the Pentecost crowd - people whose native languages were being spoken.
So all 120 disciples, not just the twelve - largely local men from
Galilee, spoke, as the Spirit gave them utterance. Note that throughout
this period of transition from Christ's Ascension to the establishment
of the church, there were many more disciples who were given the gift
of speaking in tongues by the Holy Spirit in order to declare "the
wonderful works of God," until the books of the New Testament were
written and circulated .
They spoke in the many foreign
languages of those who were descendant from Jews who were taken into
captivity to foreign lands, or in the languages of the lands in which
they were born - who were now dwelling permanently or for the holy days
in Jerusalem, (v. 2:8). Many of the Jews who were dwelling in Jerusalem
had been born in foreign lands and had returned from captivity. And
there were many Jews and proselytes from foreign lands who were on a
pilgrimage to Jerusalem to celebrate Pentecost and the other holy days.
So many Jews in Jerusalem on that day were multi-lingual - familiar
with a number of foreign languages, especially the universal koine /
common Greek language in which the Apostle Peter was to address them.
The
phrase rendered "As the Spirit gave them utterance," implies that each
disciple was given the capacity to choose to speak out each word in a
foreign language which they did not heretofore know as the Holy Spirit
provided it for them to speak - evidently as a message of "the
wonderful works of God," (Acts 2:11). The key message was most likely
God's most wonderful work of the gospel of faith alone in the risen and
ascended Messiah / Savior Jesus Christ alone unto eternal life in the
Kingdom of God - Whom the disciples had just seen in His Resurrection
Body - and about Whom Peter's message was given to the crowd shortly
after the outbreak of the disciples' speaking supernaturally in the
languages of the world. Peter's message focused on Who Jesus was. Peter
declared that He was both LORD and Christ, that He was crucified,
resurrected and ascended to the Father in heaven - destined to sit
forever on the throne of David to rule the world, (Acts 2:22-36). Since
the upper room was already occupied with more than 120 disciples; it
stands to reason that the multitude's encounter with the disciples was
outside of the upper room.
Note that the Greek manuscript titled
"Aleph," omits the word rendered "Jews" in verse 5. But there is
overwhelming manuscript and contextual evidence for the the phrase
rendered "Jews, devout men" as opposed to devout Gentiles, (Acts 2:4-5).
(Acts 2:6-13) AT THAT TIME, JEWS FROM EVERY NATION UNDER HEAVEN,
DWELLING IN JERUSALEM PURSUED THE SOURCE OF THE SOUND OF THE RUSHING
MIGHTY WIND AND CAME TOGETHER AT A LOCATION WHERE EACH ONE HEARD THE
DISCIPLES SPEAKING IN THE LANGUAGE OF HIS BIRTH OF THE WONDERFUL WORKS
OF GOD - INCLUDING THE RISEN MESSIAH / SAVIOR JESUS CHRIST, THAT
THROUGH FAITH IN HIM IS ETERNAL LIFE IN THE KINGDOM OF GOD. THE JEWS'
REACTION TO THE LOCAL GALILEAN DISCIPLES SPEAKING IN SO MANY FOREIGN
LANGUAGES - IN THE LANGUAGES OF THEIR BIRTH - WAS AMAZEMENT. AUTHOR
LUKE GAVE 15 EXAMPLES OF REGIONS OF THE WORLD FROM ALL POINTS OF THE
COMPASS FROM WHICH CAME THE JEWS AND PROSELYTES WHO DWELT IN OR VISITED
JERUSALEM AT THAT PENTECOST. THE AMAZEMENT AND PERPLEXITY OF THE JEWS
CONTINUED. A NUMBER TURNED TO MOCKERY, ACCUSING THE DISCIPLES OF
DRUNKENESS
(Acts 2:6 NASB) '''And when this sound occurred, the
[multitude] came together, and were confused because each one was
hearing them [the disciples] [speaking] in his own language. (Acts 2:7
NKJV) Then they were all amazed and marveled, saying to one another,
"Look, are not all these who speak Galileans? (Acts 2:8 NKJV) And how
is it that we hear, each in our own language in which we were born?
(Acts 2:9 NKJV) Parthians and Medes and Elamites, those dwelling in
Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia, (Acts 2:10 NKJV)
Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the parts of Libya adjoining Cyrene,
visitors from Rome, both Jews and proselytes, (Acts 2:11 NKJV) Cretans
and Arabs - we hear them speaking in our own tongues the wonderful
works of God." (Acts 2:12 NKJV) So they [all continued to be] amazed
and perplexed, saying to one another, "Whatever could this mean?" (Acts
2:13 NKJV) Others mocking said, "They are full of new wine." ''' =
And
when the crowd heard the sound - referring back to the Greek phrase in
verse 2 rendered "a sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind
[which] filled the whole house where they [the disciples] were
sitting;" many in the crowd came together in search of the source of
that sound. And they came upon the disciples who began speaking to them
in their individual native languages. The Greek phrase rendered "was
hearing them [the disciples] [speaking] in his own language," is in the
imperfect tense implying a continual hearing over a period of time. For
there was much to speak of, and many to speak to. The Greek phrase "tE
idia dialektO" rendered "in his own language" in verse 6 is emphatic
and hence emphasizes that this is the language that each had learned as
a child in the land he was born in. And many of the multitude "came
together" because of their concern and confusion about the actions of
the disciples - largely men from Galilee - who were speaking to them in
the native languages of the Jews in the crowd who were from foreign
countries. Their declaration that the disciples were from Galilee -
perhaps discerning this from their local mannerisms and clothing,
implied that Galileans wouldn't normally know such languages. This
implied that the languages they were speaking were not speaking merely
a variety of Galilean or Aramaic dialects, as some contend; but wholly
different languages from other nations. Although most individuals in
that day could speak Greek in that part of the world, and even other
local languages and dialects; it was astonishing and incomprehensible
to hear the local men of Galilee speak the languages of foreign
countries from afar. Their actions were viewed as miraculous - a sign
from God, (Acts 2:6-8).
Author Luke provided examples of peoples
from nations from all points of the compass that were there in
Jerusalem, corroborating his phrase in verse 5, "And there were
dwelling in Jerusalem Jews, devout men, from every nation under
heaven." Each region which author Luke named had a considerable Jewish
population within its borders: Parthia was east of the Roman Empire,
between the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf, in the southern part of
Persia. Media and Elam and Mesopotamia, contained a large Jewish
population from the days of the Babylonian Captivity to the east,
mostly outside of the Roman Empire. Author Luke's inclusion of Judea,
being near to Jerusalem, is not out of place here as some contend; for
it had a large Jewish population which spoke Hebrew and a number of
foreign languages different from those spoken in Jerusalem. And there
were many there in Jerusalem visiting to celebrate Pentecost.
Cappadicia was a large Roman province in northern Asia Minor on the
Black Sea. Pontus was located in the region on the southern coast of
the Black Sea. Asia was the Roman province comprising the western third
of Asia Minor. Phrygia was an ethnic district of part of the province
of Asia and part of Galatia. Pamphylia was a Roman province on the
south coast of Asia Minor, Egypt to the south had a large Jewish
population of about a million. The phrase rendered, "The parts of Libya
adjoining Cyrene" comprised a district west of Egypt on the
Mediterranean coast. And Luke was sure to indicate that there were
present visitors from Rome, both Jews and proselytes (Gentile converts
to Judaism). Finally, author Luke mentioned others from the island of
Crete and from Arabia, the districts east and southeast of Palestine.
So all of the people from around the civilized world kept hearing and
exclaiming, "We hear them speaking in our own tongues the wonderful
works of God," (Acts 2:9-11).
They evidently concluded that this
was indeed a supernatural sign from God. The message must have
especially included the grandest and most wonderful work of the LORD:
His Son's atoning sacrifice for the remission of the sins of the whole
world through faith in Him, as testified to by His resurrection
appearances and His ascension - the last and lasting impression which
the disciples were given by the LORD. And this was what the LORD
commanded His disciples to convey to Jerusalem and to the world, (cf.
Acts 1:8). For Peter's message to the crowd just shortly after the
outbreak of the disciples' speaking supernaturally in the languages of
the world focused on Jesus, Whom he declared was both LORD - referring
to His Diety as the Son of God; and Christ in the sense of having
fulfilled the requirement in His Humanity of being an atoning sacrifice
for the sins of the whole world which declaration was evidenced by
God's having raised Him from the dead and ascended Him into glory at
His right hand in heaven. So Peter indicated that Jesus Christ had been
crucified, resurrected and ascended to the Father in heaven, Who Peter
declared was destined to sit forever on the throne of David to rule the
world, (cf. Acts 2:22-36).
Many in the crowd in Jerusalem
continued to be amazed and perplexed as the disciples were speaking to
them of the wonderful works of God in their own native languages. They
repeatedly said to one another, "Whatever could this mean?" They
evidently had gained some understanding of the disciples' message; but
could not fathom the purpose behind that message. Since they were
unwilling to take seriously and trust in what the disciples were
saying, they too became skeptical. Others in the crowd, mocked the
disciples, saying "They are full of new wine [Greek "gleukous" lit.,
wine from sweet grapes]," implying that they were drunk and were
speaking drunken gibberish. A number of these objectors might not have
understood any of the languages that were being spoken; and others were
just skeptical - unwilling to accept the evidence of their Messiah
having come. So to them the message had no discernible meaning. Hence
they mocked the disciples as if they were drunk on new wine, which
characteristically had a higher alcoholic content, (Acts 2:12-13).
(Acts 2:14-21) PETER, AGAIN TOOK THE ROLE OF LEADER. HE SPOKE OUT IN
DEFENSE OF THE DISCIPLES. HE DECLARED THAT THE DISCIPLES' SPEAKING IN
THE LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD OF THE WONDERFUL WORKS OF GOD WAS TO BE THE
BEGINNING OF THE FULFILLMENT OF PROPHECY OF THE RESTORATION OF THE
KINGDOM OF HEAVEN ON EARTH
(Acts 2:14 NKJV) '''But Peter,
standing up with the eleven, raised his voice and [spoke out] to them,
"Men of Judea and all who dwell in Jerusalem, let this be known to you,
and heed my words. (Acts 2:15 NKJV) For these are not drunk, as you
suppose, since it is only the third hour of the day. (Acts 2:16 NASB)
But this is what was spoken through the prophet Joel: (Acts 2:17 NKJV)
'And it shall come to pass in the last days,' says God, 'That I will
pour out of My Spirit on all flesh; Your sons and your daughters shall
prophesy, Your young men shall see visions, Your old men shall dream
dreams. (Acts 2:18 NKJV) And on My menservants and on My maidservants I
will pour out My Spirit in those days; And they shall prophesy. (Acts
2:19 YLT) and I will give wonders in the heaven above, and signs upon
the earth beneath - blood, and fire, and vapor of smoke, (Acts 2:20
NASB) The sun will be turned into darkness and the moon into blood,
before the great and glorious day of the LORD shall [come]. (Acts 2:21
NASB) And it shall be that everyone who [called] on the name of the
LORD will be saved.' [in the sense of saved from temporal death such
that only the survivors will enter into the Eternal Kingdom of God
which will have arrived - which implies that all the survivors will be
believers, and hence have eternal life]''' =
At this time, Peter
stood up with the eleven Apostles (including Matthias), raised his
voice and spoke out to the multitude, once again taking the role of
leader. Note that this does not exclude the other Apostles from having
their turn to preach to the crowd. Peter began by addressing Jews and
the inhabitants of Jerusalem. It is implied here that all of the
disciples including the eleven stopped speaking in tongues to
individuals in the crowd to allow Peter to take the lead and deliver
his message - that Jesus is the Messiah and LORD (v. 36) - beginning
with: "Men of Judea and all who dwell in Jerusalem, let this be known
to you, and heed my words." Later he addressed his audience as, "Men of
Israel, (v. 22) and "Brethren," (v. 29). Note that Peter expected to
communicate effectively despite the fact that the people in the crowd
had many different, native languages. For in view of his baptism and
filling of the Holy Spirit, he evidently understood that it would be
the Holy Spirit Who would make his message understandable and effective
to so many people of different linguistic backgrounds. On the other
hand, since most people in that part of the world were multi-lingual,
Peter most likely spoke to them in the universal koine / common Greek
language, which Author Luke reports it in his writing without giving
further specifics. So Peter continued his message with, '''For these
[referring to all 120+ disciples' speaking in other tongues] are not
drunk, as you suppose, since it is only the third hour of the day, [9
A.M.]." Note that Peter immediately addressed those in the crowd who
mocked the disciples' actions as evidencing drunken behavior, implying
that the crowd had largely turned to this point of view. Despite the
fact that many previously had some kind of understanding of what the
disciples were saying, even to the point of stating that the disciples
were conveying information about the wonderful works of God, (v. 11);
nevertheless, skepticism prevailed. The accusation that the disciples
were drunk on new wine was unfounded and absurd because one would have
to drink huge amounts of even new (sweet) wine. And there was neither
evidence produced to affirm that any alcoholic beverages had been
consummed, nor evidence that the behavior of the disciples was
consistent with being drunk, (Acts 2:14-15).
Peter went on to
say, '''But this is what was spoken through the prophet Joel: " 'And it
shall come to pass in the last days,' says God,
[The phrase "the
last days" referring to the last days just before God ends the age and
establishes His Eternal Kingdom of God on the earth.]
'That I will pour out of My Spirit on all flesh;
[Heretofore,
the pouring out of the Spirit was limited to a selected number of Jews.
Now it was to occur upon all mankind in Joel 2!]:
Your
sons and your daughters shall prophesy, Your young men shall see
visions, Your old men shall dream dreams. And on My menservants and on
My maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days; And they shall
prophesy.
[Heretofore, such supernatural revelations were infrequent. Now they will be the norm!]
And
I will give wonders in the heaven above, and signs upon the earth
beneath - blood, and fire, and vapor of smoke. The sun will be turned
into darkness and the moon into blood, before the great and glorious
day of the LORD shall come. And it shall be that everyone who called on
the name of the LORD will be saved,' " in the sense of saved from
temporal death such that only the survivors will enter into the Eternal
Kingdom of God which will have arrived. This implies that all the
survivors will be believers, and hence have eternal life. So temporal
and eternal salvation was to be received by calling on the name of the
LORD in the sense of trusting in His capacity and willingness to
provide forgiveness of sins unto temporal deliverance from harm from
the wrath of God and unto eternal salvation in the Eternal Kingdom of
God, which at the time of Joel's address to the people of Israel in his
time, and Peter's address to the Jews in his time was imminent had all
of Israel believed, (cf. Acts 3:19-23).
Note that the phrase in
Old Testament Hebrew rendered, "The name," with the definite article,
always referred to the name of God. And as Peter continued his address
to the crowd in Jerusalem, he further described Who the LORD was: Jesus
Whom Peter declared was both LORD, meaning God; and Christ - the
anointed One, meaning the One Who in His Perfect Humanity had come to
provide forgiveness of sins for the whole world through His atoning
sacrifice - as proved by His Resurrection from the dead and His
Ascension to heaven to sit at the right hand of God, the Father, (Acts
2:22-37).
Note that Acts 2:17 substitutes it shall come to pass
in the last days for it will come to pass afterward in the Masoretic
text in Joel 2:28. This is because author Luke used the Greek
translation of the OT, the Septuagint, which has this phrase. There is
no significant difference in meaning, as some contend. Both phrases
point to the next event after Joel's statement in the previous context
of the temporal and eternal salvation of the people of the LORD and how
they will be blessed. Peter's reference to Joel chapter 2, "But this is
what was spoken through the prophet Joel," indicated that the pouring
out of the Spirit upon the disciples as evidenced by them speaking in
heretofore unknown foreign languages to the crowd was the beginning of
the fulfillment of the prophecy of the restoration of the Eternal
Kingdom of God to Israel, which would continue as detailed in Joel
chapter 2, Peter indicated as he spoke to them, if all Israel accepted
her Messiah / Savior Jesus Christ:
[Compare Acts 2:33-38]:
(Acts
2:33 NKJV) ''' "[Peter said that Jesus was, (v. 32)] Therefore being
exalted to the right hand of God, and having received from the Father
the promise [to the apostles] of the Holy Spirit, [cf. Acts 1:4-8] He
poured out this which you now see and hear."
(Acts 2:33 NKJV)
"[Peter speaking about Jesus, (v. 32)]: Therefore [having been] exalted
to the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the
promise [to the apostles and disciples] of the Holy Spirit, He poured
out this which you now see and hear [in the sense of the pouring out
into each individual disciple the power to speak in known languages to
communicate the words of the LORD to them in their native languages -
the marvelous works of God, especially of Jesus Christ and Him
crucified - the work of the Holy Spirit]
(Acts 2:34 NKJV) For
David did not ascend into the heavens, but he says himself: 'The LORD
said to my LORD, 'Sit at My right hand,
(Acts 2:35 NASB) Until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.'
(Acts
2:36 NKJV) Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly that
God has made this Jesus, Whom you crucified, both LORD and Christ [in
the sense of Messiah]."
(Acts 2:37 YLT) And having heard, they
were pricked to the heart; they say also to Peter, and to the rest of
the apostles, "What shall we do, men, brethren?"
(Acts 2:38
HOLMAN) And Peter said to them, "Repent (and [let each one of you] be
baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins.
And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit" '''
And had
all Israel repented = believed in their Messiah / Savior Jesus Christ
for salvation unto eternal life in the eternal Kingdom of God, the
events of Joel chapter two would then have begun as detailed in Joel unto the
restoration of the Eternal Kingdom of God upon the earth with Israel as
ruling nation, (Acts 2:16-21).
(Acts 2:14-21 cont.) IN THE
DAY OF THE LORD, FOR THE FIRST TIME IN HISTORY AND FOREVER, THE HOLY
SPIRIT WILL BE POURED OUT UPON ALL MANKIND RIGHT AFTER THE LORD'S
TEMPORAL JUDGMENT UPON THE EARTH. THE PEOPLE OF THE LORD WILL RECEIVE
REVELATION FROM GOD - THEY WILL PROPHESY, DREAM DREAMS, SEE VISIONS -
SERVING AS ORACLES OF GOD AS THEY RULE OVER THE PEOPLE OF THE EARTH.
AND BEFORE THE GREAT AND AWESOME DAY OF THE LORD, THERE WILL BE WONDERS
IN THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH. BLOOD AND FIRE, COLUMNS OF SMOKE. THE SUN
WILL BE TURNED INTO DARKNESS, THE MOON TO BLOOD RED RED. AND IT SHALL
COME TO PASS THAT WHOEVER CALLS UPON THE NAME OF THE LORD, I.E., REPENT
UNTO FAITH ALONE IN THE LORD ALONE TO DELIVER ONE UNTO TEMPORAL AND
ETERNAL SALVATION IN THE ETERNAL KINGDOM OF GOD WILL BE SAVED. BUT ONLY
THE REMNANT CHOSEN BY THE LORD WILL CHOOSE TO BELIEVE AND BE SAVED -
THE PEOPLE OF THE LORD BEING PRIMARILY IN VIEW THROUGHOUT THIS PASSAGE
(Acts
2:14 NKJV) '''But Peter, standing up with the eleven, raised his voice
and [spoke out] to them, "Men of Judea and all who dwell in Jerusalem,
let this be known to you, and heed my words. (Acts 2:15 NKJV) For these
are not drunk, as you suppose, since it is only the third hour of the
day. (Acts 2:16 NASB) But this is what was spoken through the prophet
Joel: (Acts 2:17 NKJV) " 'And it shall come to pass in the last days,'
says God, 'That I will pour out of My Spirit on all flesh; Your sons
and your daughters shall prophesy, Your young men shall see visions,
Your old men shall dream dreams. (Acts 2:18 NKJV) And on My menservants
and on My maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days; And
they shall prophesy. (Acts 2:19 YLT) and I will give wonders in the
heaven above, and signs upon the earth beneath - blood, and fire, and
vapor of smoke, (Acts 2:20 NASB) The sun will be turned into darkness
and the moon into blood, before the great and glorious day of the LORD
shall [come]. (Acts 2:21 NASB) And it shall be that everyone who
[called] on the name of the LORD will be saved.' [in the sense of saved
from temporal death such that only the survivors will enter into the
Eternal Kingdom of God which will have arrived - which implies that all
the survivors will be believers, and hence have eternal life]" ''' =
Note
that Joel 2:28-32, which Peter quoted to the crowd in Jerusalem, (Acts
2:17-21), described the horrors of God's judgment upon the world for
its wickedness when the judgment part of the Day of the LORD commences
- which was imminent had all of a generation of Israel repented and
believed in the Messiah / Savior Jesus Christ in Peter's time for
forgiveness of sins. Thereafter, the passage in Joel chapter two
indicated some of the blessings which the LORD would bestow upon His
chosen people, Israel and upon the whole world - upon those who
believed in His name. Peter then ended his quotation of the passage in
Joel in Acts 2:21 with what the prophet Joel told the people of Israel
in his day, (and Peter in his day): "And it shall be that everyone who
[called] on the name of the LORD will be saved." And that salvation was
to be received by calling on the name of the LORD in the sense of
trusting in His capacity and willingness to provide forgiveness of sins
unto temporal deliverance from harm from the wrath of God and unto
eternal salvation in the Eternal Kingdom of God, which at the time of
Joel's address to the people of Israel in his time, and at the time of
Peter's address to the Jews in his time was imminent had all of Israel
believed. Note that the phrase in Old Testament Hebrew rendered, "The
name," with the definite article, always referred to the name of God.
In Peter's address to the crowd in Jerusalem, he declared that Jesus
Whom they crucified was both LORD, meaning God; and Christ - the
anointed One, meaning the One Who in His Perfect Humanity had come to
provide forgiveness of sins for the whole world through His atoning
sacrifice - as proved by His Resurrection from the dead and His
Ascension to heaven to sit at the right hand of God, the Father, (Acts
2:22-37).
Contrary to the contention of some, the events
described in Joel chapter two have not yet occurred, (Joel 2:28-32;
Acts 2:16-21):
****** EXCERPT FROM STUDY OF JOEL CHAPTER 2 ******
(Joel
2:28-32) IN THE DAY OF THE LORD, FOR THE FIRST TIME IN HISTORY AND
FOREVER, THE HOLY SPIRIT WILL BE POURED OUT UPON ALL MANKIND RIGHT
AFTER THE LORD'S TEMPORAL JUDGMENT UPON THE EARTH. THE PEOPLE OF THE
LORD WILL RECEIVE REVELATION FROM GOD - THEY WILL PROPHESY, DREAM
DREAMS, SEE VISIONS - SERVING AS ORACLES OF GOD AS THEY RULE OVER THE
PEOPLE OF THE EARTH. AND BEFORE THE GREAT AND AWESOME DAY OF THE LORD,
THERE WILL BE WONDERS IN THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH. BLOOD AND FIRE,
COLUMNS OF SMOKE. THE SUN WILL BE TURNED INTO DARKNESS, THE MOON TO
BLOOD RED. AND IT SHALL COME TO PASS THAT WHOEVER CALLS UPON THE
NAME OF THE LORD, I.E., REPENT UNTO FAITH ALONE IN THE LORD ALONE TO
DELIVER ONE UNTO TEMPORAL AND ETERNAL SALVATION IN THE ETERNAL KINGDOM
OF GOD WILL BE SAVED. BUT ONLY THE REMNANT CHOSEN BY THE LORD WILL
CHOOSE TO BELIEVE AND BE SAVED - THE PEOPLE OF THE LORD BEING PRIMARILY
IN VIEW THROUGHOUT THIS PASSAGE
(Joel 2:12 NKJV) ''' "Now,
therefore," says the LORD, "Turn to Me with all your heart, With
fasting, with weeping, and with mourning." (Joel 2:13 NKJV) So rend
[tear] your heart, and not your garments; Return to the LORD your God,
For He is gracious and merciful, Slow to anger, and of great kindness;
And He relents from doing harm. (Joel 2:14 NKJV) Who knows if He will
turn and relent, And leave a blessing behind Him - A grain offering and
a drink offering For the LORD your God? (Joel 2:15 NKJV) Blow the
trumpet in Zion, Consecrate a fast, Call a sacred assembly; (Joel 2:16
NKJV) Gather the people, Sanctify the congregation, Assemble the
elders, Gather the children and nursing babes; Let the bridegroom go
out from his chamber, And the bride from her dressing room. (Joel 2:17
NKJV) Let the priests, who minister to the LORD, Weep between the porch
and the altar; Let them say, "Spare [Have pity upon] Your people, O
LORD, And do not give Your heritage to reproach [disgrace], That the
nations should rule over them. Why should they say among the peoples,
'Where is their God?' " (Joel 2:18 NKJV) Then the LORD will be zealous
for His land, And pity [i.e, have compassion for] His people. (Joel
2:19 NKJV) The LORD will answer and say to His people, "Behold, I will
send you grain and new wine [lit., grape juice] and [fresh olive] oil,
And you will be satisfied by them; I will no longer make you a reproach
[disgrace] among the nations. (Joel 2:20 NKJV) But I will remove far
from you the northern army, And will drive [it] away into a barren and
desolate land, With [its] face toward the eastern sea And [its] back
toward the western sea; His stench will come up, And his foul odor will
rise, Because he has done monstrous things." (Joel 2:21 NKJV) Fear not,
O land; Be glad and rejoice, For the LORD has done marvelous things!
(Joel 2:22 NASB) Do not fear, beasts of the field, For the pastures of
the wilderness have turned green, For the tree has borne its fruit, The
fig tree and the vine have yielded in full. (Joel 2:23 NKJV) Be glad
then, you children of Zion, And rejoice in the LORD your God; For He
has given you the former rain faithfully [lit. "for righteousness" in
the sense of 'because He is righteous and faithful'], And He will cause
the rain to come down for you - The former ['Spring'] rain, And the
latter ['Autumn'] rain in the first month. (Joel 2:24 NKJV) The
threshing floors shall be full of wheat, And the vats shall overflow
with new wine [grape juice] and [fresh olive] oil. (Joel 2:25 HOLMAN)
"[And] I will [have repaid] you for the years that the swarming locust
ate, the young locust, the destroying locust, and the devouring locust
- My great army that I [will have] sent against you. (Joel 2:26 NKJV)
You shall eat in plenty and be satisfied, And praise the name of the
LORD your God, Who has dealt wondrously with you; And My people shall
never be put to shame. (Joel 2:26 CBL) And [you will have eaten]
abundantly, eating and being satisfied and [you will have praised] the
name of Yahweh your God, because of what [wonderful works] He has done
with you. And My people will not ever again be put to shame. (Joel 2:27
NKJV) And you will [have known] that I am in the midst of Israel: I am
the LORD your God And there is no other. My people shall never be put
to shame. (Joel 2:28 NKJV) And it shall [have] come to pass afterward
That I will pour out My Spirit on all flesh [all mankind - implying
that all mankind are believers]; Your sons and your daughters will
[have] prophesied, your old men will dream dreams, Your young men shall
see visions. (Joel 2:29 NKJV) And also on My menservants and on My
maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days. (Joel 2:30 NKJV)
And I will show wonders in the heavens and in the earth: Blood and fire
and pillars of smoke. (Joel 2:30 YLT) And I will [have given] wonders
in the heavens, and in the earth, Blood and fire, and columns of smoke.
(Joel 2:31 NKJV) The sun shall be turned into darkness, And the moon
into blood, Before the coming of the great and awesome Day of the LORD.
(Joel 2:32 NKJV) And it shall come to pass That whoever calls on the
name of the LORD Shall be saved [in the sense of saved from temporal
death such that only the survivors will enter into the Eternal Kingdom
of God which will have arrived - which implies that all the survivors
will be believers, and hence have eternal life]. For in Mount Zion and
in Jerusalem there shall be deliverance, As the LORD has said, Among
the remnant whom the LORD calls." ''' =
Verses 28-32 bring an
astounding close to chapter two. For the first time in history and
forever, the Holy Spirit will be poured out upon all mankind evidently
right after the LORD's temporal judgment upon the earth, (cf.
"afterward," Joel 2:28). These verses portray a series of unique events
which so far in history have not taken place to the degree, chrononlogy
and simultaneity stipulated in the Book of Joel. Note that centuries
later, the Apostle Peter referred to the imminent fulfillment of Joel
chapter two in his time as a result of the disciples' speaking in
tongues. He indicated to the multitude of people who were around him
that what was about to occur in his time was the fulfillment of what
was prophesied in the Book of Joel, which included the pouring out of
the Holy Spirit upon all mankind, which evidently began with the
disciples. The commencement of that Day, Peter indicated, was
predicated upon all Israel's acceptance of her Messiah / Savior Jesus
Christ, which did not occur. Hence the Day of the LORD did not commence
at that time either; nor has anything taken place relative to the Day
of the LORD to the degree, chrononlogy and simultaneity stipulated in
the Book of Joel, as some contend.
According to the context of
the Book of Joel, the pouring out of the Spirit upon all mankind
implied that all of mankind who survive the judgment part of the Day of
the LORD will have repented unto a moment of faith alone in the LORD's
provision of temporal deliverance from harm and eternal life in the
Eternal Kingdom of God. This universal outpouring of the Holy Spirit
upon Jews and Gentiles alike will evidently occur during the blessing
part of the Day of the LORD - at the commencement of the Eternal
Kingdom of God. So all of those individuals whose lives the LORD
preserved during His judgment period of the Day of the LORD will
receive the indwelling Holy Spirit. Even the manservants and maid
servants of the LORD who will serve the people of Israel will receive
the indwelling Spirit. And the sons and daughters of Israel will also
receive other spiritual gifts: the old men of Israel will dream dreams
of revelation from the LORD, the young men of Israel will see visions
of revelation from the LORD. This will evidently occur in order to
enable Israel to be the ruling nation of the eternal Kingdom of God.
For each Israelite will become an oracle of God to one another and to
the Gentiles, (Joel 2:28-29).
Verses 30-32 [of Joel chapter 2] return to the time of
the first portion of the Day of the LORD - the judgment / destructive
part. What was portrayed in these verses will go far beyond what
locusts can do. Furthermore, what was portrayed in these verses has not
accompanied any judgment of the LORD upon Judah - including the locust
plagues, as some contend, especially to the creationwide scope, degree
of severity, or spontaneity stipulated. Nor for that matter, have the
events described in Joel 2:30-32 accompanied any event in history up to
the present time: "And I will [have given] wonders in the heavens, and
in the earth, Blood and fire, and columns of smoke. The sun shall be
turned into darkness, And the moon into blood, Before the coming of the
great and awesome Day of the LORD." The implications of this likely
point to extensive worldwide warfare where the smoke of war will often
cover the sun and make the moon appear blood red. On the other hand,
natural disasters would do the same to an even greater extent: multiple
and simultaneous earthquakes and volcanoes throughout the world -
causing great columns of smoke to block out the sun and moon worldwide,
etc.; adding to the bloody human destruction of vast armies of the
world at war with one another and with the LORD.
[Compare Joel 2:10-11]:
(Joel
2:10 NKJV) "The earth quakes before them, The heavens tremble; The sun
and moon will [have grown] dark [lit., black], And the stars will
diminish [lit., be gathered up] their brightness.
(Joel 2:11
NKJV) The LORD [has given] voice before His army, For His camp is very
great; For strong is the One who executes His word. For the Day of the
LORD is great and very terrible; Who can endure it?"
...............................
[Compare Joel 2:30-31 NASB]:
30 "I will display wonders in the sky and on the earth, Blood, fire and columns of smoke.
31 "The sun will be turned into darkness And the moon into blood Before the great and awesome day of the LORD comes."
All of humanity
will be confronted by the LORD in the destructive / judgment part of
the Day of the LORD with such ferocity that no one will be able to
endure it - unless one called upon the name of the LORD to be saved -
in the sense of trusting in His capacity and willingness to provide
that salvation from temporal destruction unto eternal life in the
Eternal Kingdom of God. The phrase rendered, "For in Mount Zion and in
Jerusalem there will be deliverance," refers to the key focus of the
LORD during the Day of the LORD: His chosen people, Israel - the people
associated with Mount Zion and Jerusalem. Nevertheless, only a remnant
called by the LORD from the people of the LORD and all of humanity will
choose to believe in Him to save themselves and be delivered from His
temporal destruction and enter into the eternal Kingdom of God: "And it
shall come to pass That whoever calls on the name of the LORD Shall be
saved [in the sense of saved from temporal death such that only the
survivors will enter into the Eternal Kingdom of God which will have
arrived - which implies that all the survivors will be believers, and
hence have eternal life]. For in Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there
shall be deliverance, As the LORD has said, Among the remnant whom the
LORD calls," (Joel 2:32).
****** END OF EXCERPT FROM JOEL CHAPTER 2 ******
Nothing
like this has ever happened in AD 70 especially on a worldwide scale or
at any time since then. The timeframe of AD 70 does not even
come close to the scale of the events of WWI or WWII, much less the worldwide end of
the age
of the Gentile world rule which will be unsurpassed.
Genesis 8:21 (NASB)
21
"The LORD smelled the soothing aroma; and the LORD said to Himself, "I
will never again curse the ground on account of man, for the intent of
man's heart is evil from his youth; and I will never again destroy
every living thing, as I have done."
Note that author Glen Hill will refer to Joel 2 and Acts 2 once again in his book on pp. 102-103 .
IX) HEBREWS 1:1-2
On page 69 we read:
[Glenn Hill]
"Let us now look at another verse that will help us to understand when the Last days were:
"God,
who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the
fathers by the prophets, Hath in these last days spoken unto us by His
Son. (Heb. 1:1-2)
We all know God spoke to the fathers by the
prophets in the days of the Old Testament. We also know that He spoke
nearly 2,000 years ago by His Son in the days of the New
Testament! So this verse says when God sent His Son, Jesus, to speak to
His people, it was in the time of the Last Days! This means the Last
Days were in existence when Jesus preached and, as we heard from Peter,
were still in existence when the apostles began to preach at Pentecost."
[(Heb 1:1-2) Compare Expositor's Bible Commentary]:
Hebrews 1:1-2 (NASB)
1 "God, after He spoke long ago to the fathers in the prophets in many portions and in many ways,
2
in these last days has spoken to us in His Son, whom He appointed heir
of all things, through Whom also He made the world."
"I. Introduction (1:1-4)
The
author begins with a magnificent introduction in which he brings out
something of the greatness of Jesus and his saving work. He goes on to
point out that Jesus is superior to the angels and thus leads into the
first main section of the epistle. In the Greek this is a single,
powerful sentence that shows the difference between the old revelation,
which is fragmentary and spoken through prophets, and the new, which is
complete and comes from One Who has all the dignity of being [the] Son of God
(cf. v. 2 for comment on "being Son").
1 It is significant that
the subject of the first verb is "God," for God is constantly before
the author; he uses the word sixty-eight times, an average of about
once every seventy-three words all through his epistle. Few NT books
speak of God so often. Right at the beginning, then, we are confronted
with the reality of God and the fact that he has been active. The first
divine activity commented on is that God has spoken in a variety of
ways. He spoke to Moses in the burning bush (Exod 3:2ff.), to Elijah in
a still, small voice (1 Kings 19:12ff.), to Isaiah in a vision in the
temple (Isa 6:1ff.), to Hosea in his family circumstances (Hos 1:2),
and to Amos in a basket of summer fruit (Amos 8:1). God might convey
his message through visions and dreams, through angels, through Urim
and Thummim, through symbols, natural events, ecstasy, a pillar of
fire, smoke, or other means. He could appear in Ur of the Chaldees, in
Haran, in Canaan, in Egypt, in Babylon. There is no lack of variety,
for revelation is not a monotonous activity that must always take place
in the same way. God used variety.
"In the past" (palai) means
"of old," rather than simply "formerly." The revelation the writer is
speaking of is no novelty but has its roots deep in the past. He is not
referring here to what God does continually but to what he did in days
of old, in the time of "our forefathers." The expression is usually
translated "fathers" and is normally used in the NT of the patriarchs
(cf. KJV, John 7:22; Rom 9:5, et al.), but here the contrast to "us" in
v. 2 shows that the term "forefathers" is a shorthand way of referring
to OT believers in general. There is a problem concerning the phrase
"through the prophets," for scholars are not agreed on how we should
take en (translated "through"). Moffatt takes the word as equivalent to
"through," though noting that in antiquity Philo saw the prophets as
God's interpreters in a way that requires us to see God as really "in"
them (in loc.). This latter view is held by a number of exegetes.
Westcott, for example, explicitly rejects the rendering "through" in
favor of "in them"... as the quickening power of their life... they
were His messengers, inspired by His Spirit, not in their words only
but as men" (in loc.). Kent reminds us that the construction is
parallel to that in v. 2: God was in Christ and before that He was in
the prophets (in loc.). It seems best to see the meaning in some such
way as this. God not only used the prophets as his voice but was "in"
them. The "prophets" here may mean more than the canonical prophets and
may include the men of God, like Abraham, who preceded them.
2
"In these last days" is more literally "on the last of these days." The
expression is found in the LXX, where it not infrequently refers in
some way to the days of the Messiah (e.g., Num 24:14). Here, in
Hebrews, it means that in Jesus the new age, the Messianic Age, has
appeared. Jesus is more than simply the last in a long line of
prophets. He has inaugurated a new age altogether. In Jesus there is
continuity and there is discontinuity. The continuity comes out when we
are told that God "has spoken to us by his Son." The verb "spoken" is
the same one used in v. 1 of the prophets, and there is a grammatical
connection: "God, having spoken in the prophets ... has spoken in the
Son" (personal translation). The earlier revelation is not irrelevant
to the later one but is continuous with it. The same God has spoken in
both. The old prepares the way for the new, a truth that will be
brought out again and again in this epistle as the author backs up his
arguments with quotations from Scripture. The discontinuity is seen
when we come to the reference to the Son. It is noteworthy that in the
Greek there is no article or possessive; there is nothing corresponding
to NIV's "his." In essence the writer is saying God spoke "in one Who
has the quality of being Son." It is the Son's essential nature that is
stressed. This stands in contrast to "the prophets" in the preceding
verse. The consummation of the revelatory process, the definitive
revelation, took place when He Who was not one of "the goodly
fellowship of the prophets" but the very Son of God came. Throughout
the epistle we shall often meet such thoughts. The writer is concerned
to show that in Jesus Christ we have such a divine person and such
divine activity that there can be no going back from him."
[Compare Hermaneutics Stack Exchange Answer On Heb 1:1-2]:
[Hebrews 1:1-3 (NASB)
1 God, after He spoke long ago to the fathers in the prophets in many portions and in many ways,
2
in these last days has spoken to us in His Son, whom He appointed heir
of all things, through whom also He made the world.
3
And He is the radiance of His glory and the exact representation of His
nature, and upholds all things by the word of His power. When He had
made purification of sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty
on high,
biblestudymanuals.net:
The phrase rendered "These
last days" in Heb 1:2 is not referring to "the Last Days" / the
Day of the Lord - the End Times including the Rapture, Tribulation
Period, Second Coming, Millennial Rule and New Heavens and New Earth.
The phrase rendered "These last days" in Heb 2:2
refers to those particular days that the Son of God specifically spent
with the apostles et al in the then present time when they were alive and spoke and wrote about
Jesus - especially the author of Hebrews. In view are
those particular
people who were actually present with Him in the first
century in Judea when God spoke to a
number of men in that part of the world of Himself through the presence
and actions of His Son Jesus
Christ in those days: the Son of God in His perfect Humanity during the time
when He walked on the earth in His Human body. So in view are
Jesus' thoughts, words and deeds - His actions with those
particular individuals and not
others who were not in His presence during those particular days
in history. So the phrase renderd "these last days" refers
to those particular days in that historical period of time when He
walked on the earth relative to His actions - thoughts, words and deeds
with those around Him in Judea - such actions perfectly and accurately
declaring Himself as God and about Who God is and about God's
salvation unto
eternal life through Himself. The phrase does not imply the last
days
meaning that period of time when the 7 year tribulation
period occurs leading to Christ's Second Coming and His Millennial /
Eternal rule because there are no stipulations in the context that
describe any of those events that are part of that period between the
Rapture and the New Heavens and the New Earth]
"The book of Hebrews is generally thought to have
been written about AD 60 to 65. The demonstrative "these" is key. Verse
1 tells us that at various times prior to (in the past) the Father had
spoken to the people in various ways through the prophets. The word
went from the Father to the prophets, and then the prophets spoke
directly to the people.
When did Christ speak directly to the
people? We know that He was manifested on earth in the 1st century
A.D., and we know that Heb. 1:2 says He spoke to them in "these last
days", therefore the time of His speaking were the last days. A = B =
C. Christ spoke to the people in the 1st century A.D., and Christ spoke
to the people in "these last days", so the 1st century A.D. equals
"these last days."
[But
there is nothing in the context of Hebrews 1:1-2 that has in view
the events leading up to the rapture, the Tribulation and including Christ's Second Coming and
thereafter into eternity]
The demonstrative "these" belongs to the time
the words were written! They do not refer to the the time, or days in
which we are reading them [nor to the specific days of the end times
leading to and including the Second Coming of Christ
Matt. 23:33-36,
"33 Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell?
34
Wherefore, behold, I send unto you prophets, and wise men, and scribes:
and some of them ye shall kill and crucify; and some of them shall ye
scourge in your synagogues, and persecute them from city to city:
35
That upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth,
from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zacharias son of
Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar.
36 Verily I say unto you, All these things shall come upon this generation."
"This
generation" is not our generation, nor any other generation than the
one in which Christ spoke directly to the scribes and Pharisees. They
were going to receive the judgment of all of the righteous blood shed
from Abel to Zacharias, and many of them lived to see it happen.
1 Pet. 1:19-20,
19 "But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and
without spot:
20 Who verily was foreordained before the foundation of
the world, but was manifest in these last times for you,"
The last times, the last days was when Christ was manifested, and appeared to the people on this earth.
[Not
the Last Days of the Rapture / Tribulation Period / Second Coming /
Millennial Rule / New Heavens and New Earth which are yet future as
properly interpreted from Scripture]
Jacob prophesied of those days when giving the blessings to his sons on his death bed in Gen. 49:1-27.
Gen. 49:1,
"And
Jacob called unto his sons, and said, Gather yourselves together, that
I may tell you that which shall befall you in the last days."
Jacob
was speaking to his sons. The last days concerned the last days of the
tribes of Israel. And, notice what Jacob said in verse 10:
"The
sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his
feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him shall the gathering of the people
be."
The scepter passed from Judah to Christ when He died on the
cross, and then ascended to our Father in heaven in the first century
A.D. And, notice the next two verses:
11 Binding his foal unto
the vine, and his ass's colt unto the choice vine; he washed his
garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes:
12 His eyes shall be red with wine, and his teeth white with milk."
Washing
his garments in the wine, in the "blood of the grapes" is a clear
reference to the winepress of the battle in Revelation (Rev. 14:19-20;
19:15)
X) [1 JN 2:18]:
On page 71 we read:
[Glenn Hill]
"Little
children, it is the last hour; and as you have heard that the
Antichrist is coming, even now may antichrists have come, by which we
know it is the last hour." (1 John 2:18 NKJV)
We have a new term here, "the last hour." Whenever the period of the Last Days would arrive, eventually the
last day would finally come. It follows that on the last day, the last
hour would come, as the clock would count down to zero. So what is John
saying? Just like Peter, John also understood the Last Days. He knew to
what the Last Days pertained! He knew what signs Jesus had given to him
and to the other apostles regarding these Last Days (Matthew 24). And
as John looked around at the signs occurring in his world, he knew the
time of the ending of the Last Days was getting very, very close. So
seeing the Last Days were about to end, he abandoned that term for the
more imminent term "the last hour." ...
.... So we have found that
the Last Days were in the time of Jesus (Heb 1:1-2) and His apostles
(Acts 2:15-17). As these days neared their end, John stopped talking
about the Last Days and began to speak of the "last hour" (1 John 2:18
NKJV)."
A careful examination of these verses speaks otherwise:
(1
Jn 2:18-19) JOHN ADDRESSES HIS READERSHIP AS HIS "LITTLE CHILDREN,"
I.E., CHILDREN OF GOD, BORN OF GOD, WHO LOOK TO JOHN AS APOSTLE AND
TEACHER. IT IS [A] LAST HOUR IN THE SENSE OF THE END OF THE EVER
INCREASING UNGODLY CHARACTER OF AN AGE OF A WORLD OF UNGODLINESS AND
MORAL DEPRAVITY SINCE ADAM AND EVE: AN AGE AT A TIME WHEN THE
ANTICHRIST IS COMING. AND EVEN NOW, JOHN WRITES, MANY ANTICHRISTS HAVE
ALREADY APPEARED - MANY OF WHOM WERE PRESENT IN THE CHURCH IN
JERUSALEM: UNBELIEVERS WHO DENIED CHRIST'S HUMANITY AND SECRETLY TAUGHT
HERESY. THEY DEPARTED SO THAT IT WOULD BE SHOWN THAT THEY WERE NOT OF
US - THE TRUTH WAS NOT IN THEM
(1 Jn 2:17 NASB) "The
world is passing away, and also its lusts; but the one who does the
will of God lives forever. (1 Jn 2:18 NASB) [Little children], It is
[a] last hour [in the sense of the ever increasing ungodly character of
the end of the age]; and just as you heard that antichrist is coming,
even now many antichrists have appeared; from this we know that it is
[a] last hour. (1 Jn 2:19 NASB) They [many antichrists, (v. 18)] went
out from us, but they were not really of us; for if they had been of
us, they would have remained with us; but they went out, so that it
would be shown that they all are not of us." =
The message begun
in verse 17 of: "The world is passing away, and also its lusts; but the
one who does the will of God lives forever" continues in 1 Jn 2:18a,
with author John once again referring to his readers as "Little
children," i.e., believers in Jesus Christ who have had their sins
forgiven unto eternal life, (ref. 1 Jn 2:12; cf. 1 Jn 3:1-3), who look
to John as Apostle and teacher: "Little children, it is [a] last hour
[in the sense of the ever increasing ungodly character of the end of
the age]; and just as you heard that antichrist is coming, even now
many antichrists have appeared; from this we know that it is [a] last
hour."
1) [Compare 1 Jn 2:18 Interlinear]:
"Paida, ...............eschatE hOra estin; kai ..kathOs ..........Ekousate ..hoti .[ho] antichristos
"Little children, last ........hour .it is, ..and .according as .you heard that [the] antichrist
erchetai, ...kai ...nun .antichristoi poloi ..gegonasin; .hothen .ginOskomen hoti eschatE
is coming, .even now .antichrists ..many have arisen whence we know ........that last
hOra estin."
hour .it is."
In
the absense of the definite article, the words rendered "last hour" in
1 Jn 2:18 make no definitive chronological or temporal assertion, as
some contend. The definite article if it were present to qualify the
Greek words "eschatE hOra" rendered "last hour," would indicate the
specific last hour - the last period of time - of the passing away of
the world in its immoral, ungodly state. But since there is no definite
article in the phrase, then the phrase indicates a sense of the
increasing, ungodly character of the age until its expiration without
indicating a specific measure of time which is passing. The particular
age in view is the age begun when Adam and Eve were displaced from the
Garden of Eden, when moral decay and ungodliness began to prevail.
2) [Compare Ro 5:12 ]:
(Ro
5:12 NASB) "Because of this: [just] as through one man the sin did
enter into the world, and through the sin the death; and thus to all
men the death did pass through, for that all sinned."
The age of
ungodliness includes the period of the Gentiles, the Patriarchs, Moses
and the Law and God's chosen people, Israel; and the period of the
Church, the body of Christ comprised of both Jews and Gentiles .
There
have been nearly 2,000 years that have passed by since John wrote these
words in 1 Jn 2:18. Events since the first century have occurred which
can be characterized as fulfilling the eschatological descriptions that
point to the progression of predicted events to the end of the age in
view in 1 Jn 2:18 - events that can be characterized as increasingly
evil and destructive. Antichrists have come along throughout this
period of centuries, as well as many wars and rumors of wars and
catastrophic disasters, empires rising and falling with antichristlike
leaders - all of which author John and the other bible authors have
referred to throughout Scripture:
3) [Compare 1 Jn 4:1-5]:
(1
Jn 4:1 NASB) "Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the
spirits to see whether they are from God, because many false prophets
have gone out into the world.
(1 Jn 4:2 NASB) By this you know
the Spirit of God: every spirit that confesses that Jesus Christ has
come in the flesh is from God;
(1 Jn 4:3 NASB) and every spirit
that does not confess Jesus is not from God; this is the spirit of the
antichrist, of which you have heard that it is coming, and now it is
already in the world.
(1 Jn 4:4 NASB) You are from God, little
children, and have overcome them; because greater is He who is in you
than he who is in the world.
(1 Jn 4:5 NASB) They are from the world; therefore they speak as from the world, and the world listens to them."
4) [Compare Mt 24:3-11]:
(Mt
24:3 NASB) '''As He [Jesus] was sitting on the Mount of Olives, the
disciples came to Him privately, saying, "Tell us, when will these
things happen, and what will be the sign of Your coming, and of the end
of the age?"
(Mt 24:4 NASB) And Jesus answered and said to them, "See to it that no one misleads you.
(Mt 24:5 NASB) For many will come in My name, saying, 'I am the Christ,' and will mislead many.
(Mt
24:6 NASB) You will be hearing of wars and rumors of wars. See that you
are not frightened, for those things must take place, but that is not
yet the end.
(Mt 24:7 NASB) For nation will rise against nation,
and kingdom against kingdom, and in various places there will be
famines and earthquakes.
(Mt 24:8 NASB) But all these things are merely the beginning of birth pangs.
(Mt
24:9 NASB) Then they will deliver you to tribulation, and will kill
you, and you will be hated by all nations because of My name.
(Mt 24:10 NASB) At that time many will fall away and will betray one another and hate one another.
(Mt 24:11 NASB) Many false prophets will arise and will mislead many." '''
Note
that author John in his gospel in Jn 2:4; 4:21; 7:30; 8:20; 12:23 uses
the word rendered "hour" in a similar manner to 1 Jn 2:18 - not to
indicate the specific time it will take for an event / period to come
about but to indicate the ever increasing ungodly character of that
event / period.
....................................................................................
(1 Jn 2:18a).
John goes on to write in 1 Jn 2:18b, "and just as
you heard that antichrist is coming, even now many antichrists have
appeared; from this we know that it is [a] last hour" - in the sense of
that which is characteristic of the end of the age such as the many
antichrists who are appearing throughout the age characterizing the
Antichrist - the epitome of all antichrists - who will come at the end
of the age. Antichrists are those who stand openly against the LORD -
even try to present themselves as authoritative representatives of God,
sometimes as God Himself. They are false teachers and enemies of the
truths which are found via a proper interpretation of Scripture . This
opposition to God may be expected to increase and intensify as time
goes on, culminating in the person and activities of one who will
gather together under his banner all the anti-God forces in a final
attempt to dethrone God. The Book of Revelation by John depicts his
activities and defeat.
5) [Compare Rev 13:1-8]:
(Rev
13:1 NASB) "And the dragon stood on the sand of the seashore. Then I
saw a beast coming up out of the sea, having ten horns and seven heads,
and on his horns were ten diadems, and on his heads were blasphemous
names.
(Rev 13:2 NASB) And the beast which I saw was like a
leopard, and his feet were like those of a bear, and his mouth like the
mouth of a lion. And the dragon gave him his power and his throne and
great authority.
(Rev 13:3 NASB) I saw one of his heads as if it
had been slain, and his fatal wound was healed. And the whole earth was
amazed and followed after the beast;
(Rev 13:4 NASB) they
worshiped the dragon because he gave his authority to the beast; and
they worshiped the beast, saying, 'Who is like the beast, and who is
able to wage war with him?'
(Rev 13:5 NASB) There was given to
him a mouth speaking arrogant words and blasphemies, and authority to
act for forty-two months was given to him.
(Rev 13:6 NASB) And
he opened his mouth in blasphemies against God, to blaspheme His name
and His tabernacle, that is, those who dwell in heaven.
(Rev
13:7 NASB) It was also given to him to make war with the saints and to
overcome them, and authority over every tribe and people and tongue and
nation was given to him.
(Rev 13:8 NASB) All who dwell on the
earth will worship him, everyone whose name has not been written from
the foundation of the world in the book of life of the Lamb who has
been slain."
6) [Compare 2 Thess 2:1-4]:
(2
Thess 2:1 NASB) "Now we request you, brethren, with regard to the
coming of our Lord Jesus Christ and our gathering together to Him,
(2
Thess 2:2 NASB) that you not be quickly shaken from your composure or
be disturbed either by a spirit or a message or a letter as if from us,
to the effect that the day of the Lord has come.
(2 Thess 2:3
NASB) Let no one in any way deceive you, for it will not come unless
the apostasy comes first, and the man of lawlessness is revealed, the
son of destruction,
(2 Thess 2:4 NASB) who opposes and exalts
himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he
takes his seat in the temple of God, displaying himself as being God."
.................................................................................................................................
(1 Jn 2:18).
XI) The End Of The World According To Glenn Hill
On page 81-82 we read:
[Glenn Hill]
"This
study is a continuation of our look at the Last Days. Why is this true?
Because in popular Christian theology, at the end of the Last Days will
come the End of the World and the end of time. The fires of the Last
Days will burn up our planet Earth, and everything in it, including all
the people who have not been raptured. The fires will be so intense
that even the heavens will be destroyed! This is similar to what I also
believed and preached for many years.
Christianity is looking for
these events to occur at any moment, preceded by the rapture of the
church. Many preachers and prophets have predicted the date when these
events would occur. They told us when the world would end and when time
would be no more. It is obvious that all these "prophets" had two
things in common: (1) They were all positive their predictions
were correct and (2) they were all wrong! But I was equally wrong!
I never was foolish enough to name a date. But I did preach, "The world
could end at any time, and if not today, it will surely end soon." But
it did not! Yet the church continues to teach this same doctrine,
believing and hoping that the next prophet will have his figures and
dates correct. I can tell you now, his prophecy will fail too! I can
say that because the church's teachings about the End of the World and
the end of time are totally without any biblical foundation! Now that is a dilemma of huge proportions for Christianity!
The
truth is, not only is the teaching of the end of the physical earth
unbiblical, but it is a direct contradiction of the Bible! Consider
these passages:
Neither will I again smite anymore every living thing, as I have done (Gen 8:21)
And He built His sanctuary, like high palaces, like the earth which He hath established forever (Ps 78:69)
The world also is stablished, that it cannot be moved. (Ps 93:1)
Who laid the foundations of the earth, that it should not be removed forever (Ps 104:5)
Thy faithfulness is unto all generations: thou hast established the earth, and it abideth (Ps 119:90)
Our generation passeth away, and another generation cometh: but the earth abideth forever. (Eccl 1:4)
Unto Him be glory in the church by Christ Jesus throughout the ages world without end. Amen.
(Eph 3:21)."
So
we have God's promise to Noah after the flood that He would never again
destroy every living thing on Earth. We have the words of the Psalmist,
the words of the wise man, Solomon, and the words of the apostle Paul.
All of these passages contradict the teaching that Earth and its people
will soon come to a fiery end! Instead, these verses tell us that God
will never do such a thing! They tell us that Earth's existence is
forever and we live in a world without end!"
A careful examination of these verses speaks otherwise.
[Glenn Hill]
"Neither will I again smite anymore every living thing, as I have done (Gen 8:21)"
Genesis 8:21 (NASB)
21
The LORD smelled the soothing aroma; and the LORD said to Himself, "I
will never again curse the ground on account of man, for the intent of
man's heart is evil from his youth; and I will never again destroy
every living thing, as I have done.
Notice that God DID NOT promise not to destroy the world, but not to curse
the ground on account of man, and will never again destroy every living thing, as I
have done."
One
must be a reader not an editor of God's Word. Also it is either inept
or deceitful to cherry pick verses out of their context that support
your point of view once you have altered the context and ignored other
passages that clearly contradict your point of view.
For example, author Glen Hill cites Gen 8:21 which you quoted as "Neither will I again smite anymore every living thing, as I have done (Gen 8:21)" which states as follows:
[Genesis 8:21 (NASB)]:
(21)
"The LORD smelled the soothing aroma; and the LORD said to Himself, "I
will never again curse the ground on account of man, for the intent of
man's heart is evil from his youth; and I will never again destroy
every living thing, as I have done."
[Notice
the phrase "as I have done" which does not preclude God's destroying
the ground and every living thing in some other manner besides a
worldwide flood]
[Compare Genesis 9:8-17 (ESV)]:
(8) '''Then
God said to Noah and to his sons with him,
(9) “Behold, I establish my
covenant with you and your offspring after you,
(10) and with every living
creature that is with you, the birds, the livestock, and every beast of
the earth with you, as many as came out of the ark; it is for every
beast of the earth.
(11) I establish my covenant with you, that never again
shall all flesh be cut off by the waters of the flood, and never again
shall there be a flood to destroy the earth.”
[Notice
the phrase "as I have done" which does not preclude God's destroying
the ground and every living thing in some other manner besides a
worldwide flood]
(12) And God said, “This is
the sign of the covenant that I make between me and you and every
living creature that is with you, for all future generations:
(13) I have
set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between
me and the earth.
(14) When I bring clouds over the earth and the bow is
seen in the clouds,
(15) I will remember my covenant that is between me and
you and every living creature of all flesh. And the waters shall never
again become a flood to destroy all flesh.
[Notice
the phrase "as I have done" which does not preclude God's destroying
the ground and every living thing in some other manner besides a
worldwide flood]
(16) When the bow is in the
clouds, I will see it and remember the everlasting covenant between God
and every living creature of all flesh that is on the earth.”
(17) God said
to Noah, “This is the sign of the covenant that I have established
between me and all flesh that is on the earth.”
[There
will be a
time when the earth is destroyed again, this time by fire. You can find
one (of many) references to this in the New Testament. Note that only
unbelievers will be put to death and cast into the Lake of Fire.
Believers will be transformed into perfect beings to live forever in
the New Heavens and the New Earth .]
[Compare 2 Peter 3:4-10 (ESV)]:
(v. 4) "They will say, “Where is the promise of His coming? For ever since the fathers fell asleep, all things are
continuing as they were from the beginning of creation.”
(v. 5) For they
deliberately overlook this fact, that the heavens existed long ago, and
the earth was formed out of water and through water by the word of God,
(v. 6) and that by means of these the world that then existed was deluged with
water and perished.
(v. 7) But by the same word the heavens and earth that now
exist are stored up for fire, being kept until the day of judgment and
destruction of the ungodly.
(v. 8) But do not overlook this one fact, beloved,
that with the Lord one day is as a thousand years, and a thousand years
as one day.
(v. 9) The Lord is not slow to fulfill his promise as some count
slowness, but is patient toward you, not wishing that any should
perish, but that all should reach repentance.
(v. 10) But the day of the Lord
will come like a thief, and then the heavens will pass away with a
roar, and the heavenly bodies will be burned up and dissolved, and the
earth and the works that are done on it will be exposed."
[Compare Isa 65:17 ]:
(Isa
65:17 NIV) "Behold, I will create new heavens and a new earth. The
former things will not be remembered, nor will they come to mind."
[Compare Rev 21:1]:
(Rev
21:1 NASB) "Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth; for the first
heaven and the first earth passed away, and there is no longer any sea.
[Notice
that there will be and has been destruction /
change in the
world throughout the ages from the beginning of Creation especially
since Adam and Eve sinned. For example, the world wide flood
dramatically changed the topography of the planet. Nevertheless the
world - the earth, all of His creation is God's
everlasting creation even to the extent that He will destroy the old
heavens and old earth which reflected the Fall and man's sinful condition throughout the planet; and He will create a new
heavens and a new earth in the future as referred to above in Isa 65:17
and in Rev 21:1]
[Glenn Hill]
And He built His sanctuary, like high palaces, like the earth which He hath established forever (Ps 78:69)
[Compare Ps 78:69 NASB]:
(Ps 78:69 NASB) "And He built His sanctuary like the heights, Like the earth which He has founded forever."
[(Ps 78:69) Expositor's Bible Commentary]:
"The
temple on earth was "like the heights" (v.69). The MT's "like the high
ones" (ramim) does not specify what the height of the sanctuary is
being compared with. It may denote the high mountains or the heavenly
temple ("like the high heavens"). In view of the parallel with "earth"
in the next colon, it is most probable that the psalmist likens God's
temple on earth to the permanence of heaven and earth. Yet the
Solomonic temple too was destroyed; and a second temple was rebuilt on
its foundations after the Exile, which in turn was replaced by the
magnificent Herodian temple. In A.D. 70 the Herodian temple was
pillaged and destroyed by the Romans. It seems, therefore, that the
psalm is pointing to the enduring way of God's presence with man on
earth."
Note that just as the Temple was built to be permanent
yet it will experience destruction a number of times until the last and eternal temple is built; and so it will be
with the earth - yet both will be enduring / everlasting - never be permanently destroyed.
[Glenn Hill]
The world also is stablished, that it cannot be moved. (Ps 93:1)
Psalm 93:1 (NASB)
1
The LORD reigns, He is clothed with majesty; The LORD has clothed and
girded Himself with strength; Indeed, the world is firmly established,
it will not be moved.
[(Ps 93:1) Expositor's Bible Commentary]:
1c-2
The Lord established his kingship on earth when he created the "world"
(tebel; cf. 24:1). The doctrine of God the Creator stands in stark
contrast to the pagan teachings on chaos, primordial forces, and random
happenings. Yahweh is the Creator-God. He has "established" (tikkon)
the world, and it will not reel and totter under the duress of hostile
forces (10:6; 104:5), because Yahweh has established his rule over it.
The nations may rage against his rule, but it will not fall (2:1-4;
46:6). His throne is "established" ( nakon, v.6, from kun as is tikkon
above). Yahweh is "from all eternity" (90:2), but his rule over earth
has a historical dimension ("long ago"; cf. Isa 44:8; 45:21; 48:3, 5,
7-8). Therefore the psalmist associates the "throne" as established
when Creation took place."
[Notice
that there will be and has been destruction /
change in the
world throughout the ages from the beginning of Creation especially
since Adam and Eve sinned. For example, the world wide flood
dramatically changed the topography of the planet. Nevertheless the
world - the earth, all of His creation is God's
everlasting creation even to the extent that He will destroy the old
heavens and old earth which reflected the Fall and man's sinful condition throughout the planet; and He will create a new
heavens and a new earth in the future as referred to above in Isa 65:17
and in Rev 21:1]
[Glenn Hill]
Who laid the foundations of the earth, that it should not be removed forever (Ps 104:5)
Psalm 104:5 (NASB)
5 He established the earth upon its foundations, So that it will not totter forever and ever.
[Glenn Hill]
Thy faithfulness is unto all generations: thou hast established the earth, and it abideth (Ps 119:90)
Psalm 119:90 (NASB)
90 "Your faithfulness continues throughout all generations; You established the earth, and it stands."
[Glenn Hill]
Our generation passeth away, and another generation cometh: but the earth abideth forever. (Eccl 1:4)
Ecclesiastes 1:4 (NASB)
4 "A generation goes and a generation comes, But the earth remains forever."
[Glenn Hill]
Unto Him be glory in the church by Christ Jesus throughout the ages world without end. Amen.
(Eph 3:21)."
[Notice
that there will be and has been destruction /
change in the
world / the earth throughout the ages from the beginning of Creation
especially
since Adam and Eve sinned. For example, the world wide flood
dramatically changed the topography of the planet - worldwide as well
as killing all but 8 residents of the planet. Nevertheless the
world - the earth, all of God's creation is God's
everlasting creation even to the extent that He will destroy the old
heavens and the old earth which reflected the Fall and man's sinful
condition throughout the planet as well as those who chose not to
believe in Christ. And He will create a new
heavens and a new earth in the future as referred to above in Isa 65:17
and in Rev 21:1]
XII) JOEL CHAPTER 2 / ACTS 2 REVISITED
From ppl 102-103 we have:
[Glenn Hill]
"Another
event was also prophesied to occur before this horrible Judgment Day
arrived. The prophecy is in Joel 2:28-32, which we looked at in our
study of the Last Days. Among other things, Joel quoted God as saying:
'I will pour out My spirit upon all flesh. (Joel 2:28)
Before the great and terrible day of the Lord come. (Joel 2:31).
On
the day of Pentecost, as we have seen, Peter used this text from Joel
in his preaching (Acts 2:14-21). Peter said to the people, regarding
the strange things which they were seeing and hearing:
"But this is that which was spoken by the prophet Joel. (Acts 2:16).
Thus
Peter plainly stated that Joel's prophecy of the outpouring of God's
spirit was being fulfilled on that Pentecost day. Peter quoted Joel and
said: "This is that!" Peter stated emphatically that Joel's prophecies
were being fulfilled! This coming of the Spirit, along with the other
wonders about which Joel prophesied, was to occur BEFORE "that great and notable day of the Lord come" (Acts 2:20)
First we had God's promise to send "Elijah," John the Baptist, BEFORE
that great day. Now we have another promise by God to 'pour out My
Spirit,' 'Before the great and terrible day of the Lord come,' And
Peter declared to the mockers that what happened at Pentecost was
indeed the pouring out of the Spirit of which Joel prophesied. So, if
this outpouring of the Spirit was coming BEFORE
'the great day,' then that great Day of Judgment could not be very far
away from Pentecost. And it was not! Within forty years of Pentecost
Judea and Jerusalem lay in ruins!
Many times I have preached
about Pentecost and the outpouring of the Spirit. I talked about how
this was all to happen before the Lord would come back and judge the
world. I said this 'great and terrible day of the Lord' could happen
any day. How wrong I was, at least with my timing! The Spirit was
indeed to come BEFORE
'the great and terrible day of the Lord.' But if 2,000 years later that
great Judgment Day has not yet come, what kind of sign is that? It is
no sign at all! The coming of the Spirit at Pentecost becomes totally
irrelevant to the coming of that great day.
But (1) the coming of John the Baptist and (2) the coming of the Holy Spirit on the day of Pentecost were each relevant
to the coming of the great Judgment Day. These two events, prophesied
hundreds of years earlier, both came to pass within a few years of each
other, and they came to pass in the days of Jesus and His apostles.
These two events were to precede the coming of that Judgment Day, and
they did! Within forty-some years of both events, the Roman armies
killed or captured the people of Judah, destroyed the land of Judea,
and burned down Jerusalem and the temple.
This utter annihilation of the land and nation of Judah, suffering the great wrath of its God, was the biblical Judgment Day! It is that to which a multitude of Scriptures refer:"
We
covered Acts chapter 2 and Joel chapter 2 under point IX above. The
message is still the same, these events as described by Peter in Acts 2
and the prophet Joel in chapter 2 have not changed. The events have not
yet occurred as stipulated .
Many
key passages are cited by author Glenn Hill in his book which upon careful reading
actually stipulate literal - not symbolic - historical
events which will lead up to, include and follow Jesus Christ's Second
Coming - a yet future event because nothing
so far has occurred literally in history according to a proper
interpretation of Scripture of any of these passages which he has cited
/ quoted. There is no cause for
taking it all as symbolic in order to reverse engineer a personal
unsubstantiated point of view. Nevertheless, despite the facts and full
corroboration of Scriptural passages throughout the Bible most of these
stipulations of events leading up, including and after Christ's Second
Coming author Hill states are symbolic and not literal / actual.
For he does not believe
they are yet future but that they all took place in 70 AD and therefore
he must impose his imagination upon these literal descriptions in order
to bring the context to what he has concluded must be AD 70 and no
other time. So he must force them to have occurred in AD 70 no matter
how much he ignores, rewrites, symbolizes. If
taken literally as they are framed as such in the context, they have
indeed not literally occurred even up to this day, and especially
not in 70 AD. Certainly WW1 & WW2, natural disasters
throughout the ages such as earthquakes, volcanoes, etc. have far
exceeded what happened in
Jerusalem in 70 AD
both on the scale of the events and the number of people involved -
i.e.,
the WHOLE WORLD as opposed to one city in Palestine!!! Although none of
these events has literally occurred
precisely as stipulated in Scripture which includes all over the world,
not just in Jerusalem;
nevertheless author Hill declares that
they all refer to AD 70 in Jerusalem alone and Christ's coming and the
total destruction
of Judaism and the end of the Mosaic Law period in some way without a
single attempt to explain what any of those specific stipulations which
he claims are
symbollic literally refer to in AD 70 Jerusalem. Nevertheless, author
Hill's
implication is that these many
symbolic stipulations do refer to actual, literal things of Christ's
coming in
AD 70 but never provides any details. Never does he provide evidence of
how the symbolism actually
proves out that they all occurred in AD 70, especially the arrival of
Jesus Christ in all His majesty as King of kings, and Lord of lords to
rule the earth in righteousness forever more!!! I did not read of
anything very righteous going on from AD 70 to the present day which
includes two world wars while Christ was supposedly ruling the world
from the Temple in Jerusalem which was destroyed by Rome. Finally, the
character of the Tribulation
period of seven years is distinctly of the Mosaic Law and Temple
worship which contradicts author Hill's assertion that the Temple was
destroyed when Christ comes again. For wasn't the Temple going to
continue on into the
Millennial Rule:
[Compare Ezekiel 37:24-28 (NASB)]:
24
"My servant David will be king over them, [Israel] and they will all
have one shepherd; and they will walk in My ordinances and keep My
statutes and observe them.
25 "They will live on the
land that I gave to Jacob My servant, in which your fathers lived; and
they will live on it, they, and their sons and their sons' sons,
forever; and David My servant will be their prince forever.
26
"I will make a covenant of peace with them; it will be an everlasting
covenant with them. And I will place them and multiply them, and will
set My sanctuary in their midst forever.
27 "My dwelling place also will be with them; and I will be their God, and they will be My people.
28 "And the nations will know that I am the LORD who sanctifies Israel, when My sanctuary is in their midst forever."'"
[Zech 14:16-21]:(v.
16) "Then the survivors from all the nations that have attacked
Jerusalem will go up year after year to worship the King, the LORD
Almighty, and to celebrate the Feast of Tabernacles.
(v.
17) If any of the peoples of the earth do not go up to Jerusalem to
worship the King, the LORD Almighty, they will have no rain.
(v.
18) If the Egyptian people do not go up and take part, they will have
no rain. The LORD will bring on them the plague he inflicts on the
nations that do not go up to celebrate the Feast of Tabernacles."
(v.
19) This will be the punishment of Egypt and the punishment of all the
nations that do not go up to celebrate the Feast of Tabernacles.
(v.
14:20) On that day HOLY TO THE LORD will be inscribed on the bells of
the horses, and the cooking pots in the LORD's house will be like the
sacred bowls in front of the altar.
(v.
21) Every pot in Jerusalem and Judah will be holy to the LORD Almighty,
and all who come to sacrifice will take some of the pots and cook in
them. And on that day there will no longer be a Canaanite in the house
of the LORD Almighty."